Lead Leaching of Perovskite Solar Cells in Aqueous Environments: A Quantitative Investigation
Lead Leaching of Perovskite Solar Cells in Aqueous Environments: A Quantitative Investigation
复制标题
钙钛矿太阳能电池在水环境中的铅浸出：定量研究
DOI：
10.1002/solr.202200332
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Yan D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan D
卤化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）已成为极具前景的下一代光伏（PV）技术，其结合了高器件性能、易于加工和低成本。然而，铅的潜在浸出被认为是其大规模商业化的主要环境问题，特别是对于与人类生活有重大重叠的应用领域。本文报道了MAPbI3、FA 0.95MA 0.05Pb（I0.95Br 0.05）3、Cs0.05（FA 0.85MA 0.15）0.95Pb（I0.85Br 0.15）3、CsPbI3和CsPbI2Br五种基准PSC在实验室降雨条件下铅浸出行为的定量动力学分析。引人注目的是，超过60%的未封装的钙钛矿装置中所含的铅在降雨暴露下的前120秒内浸出，这表明当室内和室外PV装置受到物理损坏或封装失败时，可能发生非常快速的铅浸出。初始铅浸出率被发现是强烈依赖于类型的PSC，指向一个潜在的途径铅浸出减少，通过进一步优化其材料设计。这些发现为PSC在水暴露后的铅浸出行为提供了动力学见解，强调了开发强大的缓解方法以避免其大规模部署对环境造成潜在灾难性影响的紧迫性。
Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a highly promising next‐generation photovoltaic (PV) technology that combines high device performance with ease of processing and low cost. However, the potential leaching of lead is recognized as a major environmental concern for their large‐scale commercialization, especially for application areas with significant overlap with human life. Herein, a quantitative kinetic analysis of the Pb leaching behavior of five types of benchmark PSCs, namely, MAPbI3, FA0.95MA0.05Pb(I0.95Br0.05)3, Cs0.05(FA0.85MA0.15)0.95Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3, CsPbI3, and CsPbI2Br, under laboratory rainfall conditions is reported. Strikingly, over 60% of the Pb contained in the unencapsulated perovskite devices is leached within the first 120 s under rainfall exposure, suggesting that very rapid leaching of Pb can occur when indoor and outdoor PV devices are subject to physical damage or failed encapsulation. The initial Pb leaching rate is found to be strongly dependent on the types of PSCs, pointing to a potential route toward Pb leaching reduction through further optimization of their materials design. The findings offer kinetic insights into the Pb leaching behavior of PSCs upon aqueous exposure, highlighting the urgency to develop robust mitigation methods to avoid a potentially catastrophic impact on the environment for their large‐scale deployment.
人类环境中的铅
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Mushak
通讯作者：
P. Mushak