Cultural traditions across a migratory network shape the genetic structure of southern right whales around Australia and New Zealand.
Cultural traditions across a migratory network shape the genetic structure of southern right whales around Australia and New Zealand.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep16182
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发表时间：
2015-11-09
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Harcourt R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carroll EL;Baker CS;Watson M;Alderman R;Bannister J;Gaggiotti OE;Gröcke DR;Patenaude N;Harcourt R
对迁徙目的地的忠诚是海洋和鸟类物种互联互通的重要驱动力。在这里，我们评估了母性指导的迁徙栖息地学习或迁徙文化对濒临灭绝的澳大利亚和新西兰南露脊鲸种群结构的作用。使用包括线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 单倍型 (500 bp)、微卫星基因型（17 个位点）和 128 头单独识别的鲸鱼的性别在内的 DNA 谱，我们发现基于两种 mtDNA 单倍型的冬季产犊地存在显着差异（FST = 0.048、ΦST = 0.109、 p < 0.01) 和微卫星等位基因 频率（FST = 0.008，p < 0.01），与产犊区域的长期保真度一致。然而，产犊地和迁徙走廊的大多数遗传比较并不显着，这支持了来自不同产卵地的鲸鱼在迁徙走廊中混合的观点。此外，我们发现 66 头澳大利亚南露脊鲸的 δ13C 稳定同位素谱（摄食地面位置的代表）与 mtDNA 单倍型和从基于微卫星的相关性估计器推断出的亲缘关系之间存在显着关系。这表明迁徙文化可能会影响觅食地的遗传结构。这种对迁徙目的地的忠实可能会影响种群的恢复，因为根据遗传多样性估计得出的历史丰富度的长期估计表明，南太平洋产卵场的丰富度仍低于捕鲸前的 10%。
Fidelity to migratory destinations is an important driver of connectivity in marine and avian species. Here we assess the role of maternally directed learning of migratory habitats, or migratory culture, on the population structure of the endangered Australian and New Zealand southern right whale. Using DNA profiles, comprising mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes (500 bp), microsatellite genotypes (17 loci) and sex from 128 individually-identified whales, we find significant differentiation among winter calving grounds based on both mtDNA haplotype (FST = 0.048, ΦST = 0.109, p < 0.01) and microsatellite allele frequencies (FST = 0.008, p < 0.01), consistent with long-term fidelity to calving areas. However, most genetic comparisons of calving grounds and migratory corridors were not significant, supporting the idea that whales from different calving grounds mix in migratory corridors. Furthermore, we find a significant relationship between δ13C stable isotope profiles of 66 Australian southern right whales, a proxy for feeding ground location, and both mtDNA haplotypes and kinship inferred from microsatellite-based estimators of relatedness. This indicates migratory culture may influence genetic structure on feeding grounds. This fidelity to migratory destinations is likely to influence population recovery, as long-term estimates of historical abundance derived from estimates of genetic diversity indicate the South Pacific calving grounds remain at <10% of pre-whaling abundance.