Application of Ecopath model on trophic interactions and energy flows of impounded Manwan reservoir ecosystem in Lancang River, southwest China
Application of Ecopath model on trophic interactions and energy flows of impounded Manwan reservoir ecosystem in Lancang River, southwest China
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DOI：
10.1080/02705060.2014.942893
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
L. Deng;Shi-liang Liu;S. Dong;Nan-nan An;H. Zhao;Qi Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Deng;Shi-liang Liu;S. Dong;Nan-nan An;H. Zhao;Qi Liu
水库生态系统中水生生物群落的结构和功能会受到大坝建设的强烈影响。生态路径模型是揭示食物网结构和能量流动路径的有效工具。本研究以澜沧江漫湾水库生态系统为研究对象，对生态系统的营养相互作用和能量流动进行了分析。生态营养效率（EE）的计算和EE值为0.073的开发最少的食鱼鱼类（顶级捕食者）和0.93的开发最多的底栖动物。四个群体的估计营养水平从1的碎屑和浮游植物（I级）到3.69的食鱼鱼类（IV级），其余群体主要是在营养水平II和III。食物网的结构和相互作用是由一个线性的食物链，主要是由碎屑途径，也就是说，能量流从碎屑一样重要的浮游植物在网络中。碎屑能流占总能流的46%，初级生产者能流占总能流的54%。初级生产者和碎屑的营养级间平均转移效率分别为16.6%和15.7%。总系统吞吐量为5550吨km−2 yr−1，总初级生产量/总呼吸量比率为2.46，优势指数为27.4%。这些结果表明，漫湾水库生态系统是一个未成熟的生态系统，仍处于发育阶段。这些结果有助于保护生物多样性，了解和监测水库生态系统，这是鱼类和其他水生生物的关键资源。
The structure and function of aquatic communities in reservoir ecosystems can be strongly affected by dam construction. The Ecopath model is an effective tool that reveals the food web structure and pathways of energy flows. In this study, it was applied to analyze the trophic interactions and energy flows within the Manwan reservoir ecosystem on Lancang River in southwest China. Ecotrophic efficiency (EE) was calculated and the value of EE was 0.073 for the least-exploited piscivorous fishes (top predators) and 0.93 for the most-exploited zoobenthos. Four estimated trophic levels of the groups varied from 1 for detritus and phytoplankton (level I) to 3.69 for piscivorous fishes (level IV) and the remaining groups were mainly at trophic levels II and III. Food web structures and interactions were well represented by a linear food chain that was dominated by a detritus pathway; that is, energy flows from detritus were as important as phytoplankton in the web. The proportion of total energy flow originating from detritus was 46% while the other 54% came from primary producers. The average transfer efficiencies between trophic levels were 16.6% from primary producer and 15.7% from detritus. Total system throughput was found to be 5550 t km−2 yr−1, total primary production/total respiration ratio was 2.46, and the ascendency index was 27.4%. These results showed that Manwan reservoir ecosystem was an immature ecosystem and still at its development stage. These results are helpful for biodiversity preservation and the understanding and monitoring of reservoir ecosystems which are key resources for fish and other aquatic organisms.