Toxicological impacts of roadway deicers on aquatic resources and human health: A review
Toxicological impacts of roadway deicers on aquatic resources and human health: A review
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DOI：
10.1002/wer.1581
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Mehdi Honarvar Nazari;S. Zeinab Mousavi;A. Potapova;J. McIntyre;Xianming Shi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mehdi Honarvar Nazari;S. Zeinab Mousavi;A. Potapova;J. McIntyre;Xianming Shi
在冬季，寒冷地区道路上的冰雪会增加交通事故和伤亡，导致旅行延误和社会财政负担。道路防冰或除冰可以作为一种具有成本效益的方法来显著降低此类风险。尽管传统上冬季道路养护（WRM）的主要优先事项是服务水平、成本效益和减少腐蚀，但越来越清楚的是，了解除冰剂的环境影响至关重要。在这方面，最重要的问题之一是由于除冰剂的累积使用而造成的环境污染，这对水生系统有许多不利影响。在除冰剂中，氯化物基除冰剂引起了最多的毒理学问题，因为它们具有高度可溶性，可以在环境中快速迁移，并随着时间的推移具有累积效应。在这篇综述中，我们总结和整理了现有的数据，包括有关除冰剂对地表水和地下水，水生物种和人类健康的不利影响的最新研究结果，并确定了未来的研究重点。此外，所提供的数据可用于制定一个框架，以量化利益攸关方和机构在编制水资源管理方案的准则和标准时所使用的一些变量。
During winter, snow and ice on roads in regions with cold weather can increase traffic crashes and casualties, resulting in travel delays and financial burdens to society. Anti‐icing or deicing the roads can serve a cost‐effective method to significantly reduce such risks. Although traditionally the main priorities of winter road maintenance (WRM) have been level of service, cost‐effectiveness, and corrosion reduction, it is increasingly clear that understanding the environmental impacts of deicers is vital. One of the most important problems in this regard is environmental contamination caused by cumulative use of deicers, which has many detrimental effects on the aquatic systems. Among the deicers, the chloride‐based ones raise the most toxicological concerns because they are highly soluble, can migrate quickly in the environment and have cumulative effects over time. In this review, we summarize and organize existing data, including the latest findings about the adverse effects of deicers on surface water and groundwater, aquatic species, and human health, and identify future research priorities. In addition, the data provided can be used to develop a framework for quantifying some of the variables that stakeholders and agencies use when preparing guidelines and standards for WRM programs.