The Protective Role of Perceived Control on Associations Between Job Loss, Financial Difficulties, and Substance Use Among Young Adults Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic.
The Protective Role of Perceived Control on Associations Between Job Loss, Financial Difficulties, and Substance Use Among Young Adults Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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COVID-19 大流行早期年轻人中失业、财务困难和药物使用之间关联的感知控制的保护作用。
DOI：
10.1007/s11121-023-01565-7
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lee,ChristineM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Graupensperger,Scott;Walukevich-Dienst,Katherine;Patrick,MeganE;Lee,ChristineM
威胁到规范转变的不良生活事件与年轻人中酒精和大麻使用的增加有关。然而，很少有研究测试特定负面事件影响物质使用行为的程度，也没有确定相关的风险或保护因素（例如，感知控制）。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，年轻人以不成比例的高比例经历了经济逆境（即失业和财务紧张）。这提供了一个独特的机会来测试失业/财务困难和物质使用结果之间的联系，以及在工作和财务领域的感知控制是否调节了这些联系。年轻人在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前（2020年1月）和大流行急性期（2020年4月/ 5月）两个时间点完成了自我报告调查。参与者（N= 519；年龄25.4岁；62.8%为女性）在华盛顿州西雅图市及其周边地区招募，作为一项正在进行的纵向队列研究的一部分。与大流行相关的失业（18.9%）和财务困难（49.7%）在该样本中相对常见。在过去一个月最严重的饮酒场合（2020年1月至2020年4月/ 5月），失业与饮酒次数增加有关。在最严重的饮酒场合，经济困难与饮酒频率和饮酒数量的增加有关。失业和经济困难对酒精和大麻使用的影响通常被参与者认为对这些领域的控制所缓和。对于那些控制感低的人来说，失业/经济困难与酒精/大麻使用的增加有关，但对于那些控制感高的人来说，失业/经济困难与酒精使用频率的减少有关。研究结果对经济逆境与年轻人饮酒和使用大麻的关系有了更深入的了解。值得注意的是，对这些领域的感知控制可以通过旨在培养年轻人自我效能感的预防努力和为有需要的人提供可用代理的政策来改变。
Adverse life events that threaten normative transitions are associated with increased alcohol and cannabis use among young adults. However, few studies have tested the extent to which specific negative events impact substance use behaviors nor identified relevant risk or protective factors (e.g., perceived control). During the COVID-19 pandemic, young adults experienced economic adversities (i.e., job loss and financial strain) at disproportionally high rates. This provided a unique opportunity to test associations between job loss/financial difficulties and substance use outcomes and whether perceived control in work and finance domains moderated these associations. Young adults completed self-report surveys at two time points−prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2020) and in the acute phase of the pandemic (April/May 2020). Participants (N= 519;Mage= 25.4 years; 62.8% female) were recruited in and around Seattle, WA, as part of an ongoing longitudinal cohort study. Pandemic-related job loss (18.9%) and financial difficulty (49.7%) were relatively common in this sample. Job loss was associated with increased number of drinks on the heaviest past-month drinking occasion (from January 2020 to April/May 2020). Financial difficulty was associated with increased drinking frequency and number of drinks on the heaviest drinking occasion. The effect of job loss and financial difficulty on alcohol and cannabis use was generally moderated by participants’ perceived control of these domains. For those with low perceived control, job loss/financial difficulty was associated withincreasedalcohol/cannabis use, but for those high in perceived control, job loss/financial difficulty was associated withdecreasedalcohol use frequency. Findings give advance understanding of how economic adversities relate to young adults’ alcohol and cannabis use. Notably, perceived control over these domains may be modifiable through prevention efforts aiming to foster self-efficacy among young people and policy to provide available agency to those in need.