Quantum spin liquids bootstrapped from Ising criticality in Rydberg arrays
Quantum spin liquids bootstrapped from Ising criticality in Rydberg arrays
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevb.106.115122
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
K. Slagle;Yue Liu;D. Aasen;H. Pichler;R. Mong;Xie Chen;M. Endres;J. Alicea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Slagle;Yue Liu;D. Aasen;H. Pichler;R. Mong;Xie Chen;M. Endres;J. Alicea
里德伯原子阵列构成了一个高度可调的、强烈相互作用的场所，用于追求物质的奇异状态。我们开发了一种新的策略来访问二维里德伯阵列中被称为量子自旋液体的分数化相族。我们特别使用有效的场论方法来研究由里德伯链组装到伊辛相变的阵列，该相变以在每个链内传播紧急费米子而闻名。这个高度纠缠的起点使我们能够自然地接触基塔耶夫蜂巢模型中熟悉的自旋液体，尽管是在一个完全不同的框架下。特别地，我们认为有限范围的排斥性里德伯相互作用（会破坏附近的对称破缺顺序）可以使涌现费米子在它们诞生的链之间相干传播。在整个二维Rydberg阵列上对涌现的费米子进行离域，产生具有单个无质量狄拉克锥的无间隙Z2自旋液体。在这里，Rydberg占位数表现出普遍的幂律相关性，为这一阶段提供了一个直接的实验诊断。我们进一步表明，明确打破对称性会将无间隙的自旋液体扰动成有间隙的拓扑有序的后代：打破晶格对称性会产生环码拓扑秩序，而引入手性会产生非阿贝尔伊辛拓扑秩序。在环码阶段，我们解析地构造了非阿贝尔缺陷的微观体现，这些缺陷可以通过动态控制阵列中的原子位置来创建和传输。我们的工作表明，适当调谐的里德堡阵列提供了固态“基塔耶夫材料”的冷原子对应物，更一般地说，为追求阿贝尔和非阿贝尔分化的实验平台提供了一个新的角度。
Arrays of Rydberg atoms constitute a highly tunable, strongly interacting venue for the pursuit of exotic states of matter. We develop a new strategy for accessing a family of fractionalized phases known as quantum spin liquids in two-dimensional Rydberg arrays. We specifically use effective field theory methods to study arrays assembled from Rydberg chains tuned to an Ising phase transition that famously hosts emergent fermions propagating within each chain. This highly entangled starting point allows us to naturally access spin liquids familiar from Kitaev's honeycomb model, albeit from an entirely different framework. In particular, we argue that finite-range repulsive Rydberg interactions, which frustrate nearby symmetry-breaking orders, can enable coherent propagation of emergent fermions between the chains in which they were born. Delocalization of emergent fermions across the full two-dimensional Rydberg array yields a gapless Z2 spin liquid with a single massless Dirac cone. Here, the Rydberg occupation numbers exhibit universal power-law correlations that provide a straightforward experimental diagnostic of this phase. We further show that explicitly breaking symmetries perturbs the gapless spin liquid into gapped, topologically ordered descendants: Breaking lattice symmetries generates toric-code topological order, whereas introducing chirality generates non-Abelian Ising topological order. In the toric-code phase, we analytically construct microscopic incarnations of non-Abelian defects, which can be created and transported by dynamically controlling the atom positions in the array. Our work suggests that appropriately tuned Rydberg arrays provide a cold-atoms counterpart of solid-state 'Kitaev materials' and, more generally, spotlights a new angle for pursuing experimental platforms for Abelian and non-Abelian fractionalization.