The police officer's dilemma: Using ethnicity to disambiguate potentially threatening individuals
The police officer's dilemma: Using ethnicity to disambiguate potentially threatening individuals
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.83.6.1314
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Wittenbrink, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Correll, J;Park, B;Wittenbrink, B
使用一个简单的视频游戏，研究了种族对开枪/不开枪决定的影响。拿着枪或其他物体的非裔美国人或白人目标出现在复杂的背景中。参与者被告知要“射击”武装目标，而“不要射击”非武装目标。在研究 1 中，白人参与者做出了正确的决定，如果目标是非裔美国人，则比白人更快地射击武装目标，但如果目标是白人，则决定更快“不射击”手无寸铁的目标。研究 2 使用了更短的时间窗口，迫使这种效应转化为错误率。研究 3 复制了研究 1 的效果，并表明偏见的程度随对文化刻板印象的认知和接触程度的不同而变化，但与个人种族偏见无关。研究 4 揭示了社区样本中非裔美国人和白人参与者的偏见水平相当。讨论了影响和潜在的潜在机制。
Using a simple videogame, the effect of ethnicity on shoot/don't shoot decisions was examined. African American or White targets, holding guns or other objects, appeared in complex backgrounds. Participants, were told to "shoot" armed targets and to "not shoot" unarmed targets. In Study 1, White participants made the correct decision to shoot an armed target more quickly if the target was African American than if he was White, but decided to "not shoot" an unarmed target more quickly if he was White. Study, 2 used a shorter time window, forcing this effect into error rates. Study 3 replicated Study 1's effects and showed that the magnitude of bias varied with perceptions of the cultural stereotype and with levels of contact, but not with personal racial prejudice. Study 4 revealed equivalent levels of bias among both African American and White participants in a community sample. Implications and potential underlying mechanisms are discussed.