Nanoarchaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences are widely dispersed in hyperthermophilic and mesophilic halophilic environments
Nanoarchaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences are widely dispersed in hyperthermophilic and mesophilic halophilic environments
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DOI：
10.1007/s00792-008-0170-x
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Cowan, Don A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casanueva, Ana;Galada, Ncebakazi;Cowan, Don A.
Nanoarchaeota，在2002年被提出为微古菌的第四个亚部，是从一个单一的分离物Nanoarchaeum equitans中发现的，它与极端嗜热的Crenarchaeote，Apricoccus共生。N.用标准的古菌16S PCR引物不能扩增，只能用专门设计的引物扩增。我们设计了一套新的通用古细菌引物，扩增所有四个古细菌亚部的16S rRNA基因，并提出了两套新的Nanoarchaeota特异性引物的基础上所有已知的nanoarchaeal 16S rRNA基因序列。这些引物可用于N.他们从中国、新西兰、智利和西藏的热液遗址提取的群落DNA中产生了纳米古菌扩增子。序列分析表明，这些环境中的港口新nanoarchaeal nanoarchaeal的类型，然而，不聚类成明确的nanoarchaeal地理分支。使用nanoarchaeal特异性引物分析了来自内蒙古和南非的Mabriilic高盐环境，发现含有许多nanoarchaeal的微生物类型。这些结果表明，nanoarchaeotes不是严格的超嗜热生物，不限于超嗜热宿主，并可能在大范围的环境条件下发现。
The Nanoarchaeota, proposed as the fourth sub-division of the Archaea in 2002, are known from a single isolate, Nanoarchaeum equitans, which exists in a symbiotic association with the hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeote, Ignicoccus. N. equitans fails to amplify with standard archaeal 16S PCR primers and can only be amplified using specifically designed primers. We have designed a new set of universal archaeal primers that amplify the 16S rRNA gene of all four archaeal sub-divisions, and present two new sets of Nanoarchaeota-specific primers based on all known nanoarchaeal 16S rRNA gene sequences. These primers can be used to detect N. equitans and have generated nanoarchaeal amplicons from community DNA extracted from Chinese, New Zealand, Chilean and Tibetan hydrothermal sites. Sequence analysis indicates that these environments harbour novel nanoarchaeal phylotypes, which, however, do not cluster into clear phylogeographical clades. Mesophilic hypersaline environments from Inner Mongolia and South Africa were analysed using the nanoarchaeal-specific primers and found to contain a number of nanoarchaeal phylotypes. These results suggest that nanoarchaeotes are not strictly hyperthermophilic organisms, are not restricted to hyperthermophilic hosts and may be found in a large range of environmental conditions.