Satellite observations of forest resilience to hurricanes along the northern Gulf of Mexico
Satellite observations of forest resilience to hurricanes along the northern Gulf of Mexico
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118243
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chengcheng Gang;S. Pan;H. Tian;Zhuonan Wang;R. Xu;Zihao Bian;Naiqing Pan;Yuanzhi Yao;Hao Shi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chengcheng Gang;S. Pan;H. Tian;Zhuonan Wang;R. Xu;Zihao Bian;Naiqing Pan;Yuanzhi Yao;Hao Shi
飓风作为最具破坏性的自然灾害之一，对森林生态系统，特别是沿海地区的森林生态系统构成巨大威胁。更好地了解森林对飓风干扰的抵御能力，对于减少灾害风险以及在气候灾害日益增加的时期维持森林至关重要。尽管飓风引起的森林破坏已在地方和区域层面进行了广泛研究，但缺乏对飓风后恢复的大规模评估仍然限制了我们对森林对飓风干扰的恢复能力的了解。在这项研究中，我们利用四个遥感植被指数（维斯），包括归一化差异红外指数（NDII），增强植被指数（EVI），叶面积指数（LAI），和太阳诱导叶绿素荧光（SIF），通过量化的阻力，净变化，以及2001年至2015年沿着墨西哥湾北方登陆的飓风后森林的恢复。结果表明，NDII在监测大尺度森林恢复力方面具有上级优势。SIF表现出与EVI相似的性能。风速被认为是影响森林破坏和飓风后恢复的主要因素。受影响的森林树冠在登陆后约一个月开始恢复。对于同一类型的飓风，与万年青森林相比，木本湿地的VI减少量较小，恢复时间较短。在万年青森林占主导地位的地区，NDII值低于多年平均值，在一年中的所有季节都观察到受到大飓风的影响。2006/2007年的大范围干旱加剧了脆弱性指数的下降，并大大延长了伊万和卡特里娜飓风后的恢复期。总体而言，我们从卫星观测中得出的结果为了解森林对飓风的抵御能力以及实施有效的飓风后森林恢复提供了重要信息。
As one of the most destructive natural disasters, hurricanes pose a great threat to forest ecosystems, particularly in the coastal areas. A better understanding of forest resilience to hurricane disturbances is essential for reducing hazard risks as well as sustaining forests in a time of increasing climate disasters. Although hurricane-induced forest damage has been extensively studied at both local and regional levels, the lack of large-scale assessment of post-hurricane recovery still limits our understanding of forest resilience to hurricane disturbances. In this study, we utilized four remotely sensed vegetation indices (VIs), including the normalized difference infrared index (NDII), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), leaf area index (LAI), and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), to examine the forest resilience to hurricanes of different strengths by quantifying the resistance, net change, and recovery of the forest after hurricanes that made landfall along the northern Gulf of Mexico from 2001 to 2015. The results revealed that the NDII was superior in monitoring the large-scale forest resilience. SIF exhibited a performance similar to that of the EVI. Wind speed was found to be the leading factor affecting forest damage and post-hurricane recovery. The impacted forest canopy began to recover approximately one month after the landfall. Woody wetlands exhibited less VI reduction and shorter recovery time than evergreen forests for the same category of hurricanes. For regions dominated by evergreen forests, NDII values lower than the multi-year average were observed across all seasons during the year after being impacted by a major hurricane. The widespread drought of 2006/2007 has aggravated the VI decrease and substantially extended the recovery period after hurricanes Ivan and Katrina. Overall, our findings derived from satellite observations provide essential information for understanding forest resilience to hurricanes as well as implementing efficient post-hurricane forest restoration.