Spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient concentration and export in the tidal Hudson River
Spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient concentration and export in the tidal Hudson River
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DOI：
10.2307/1352984
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发表时间：
1999-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Lampman;N. Caraco;J. Cole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Lampman;N. Caraco;J. Cole
对 1992 年至 1996 年间潮汐哈德逊河中氮和磷的时空动态进行了检查。对于所有季节和河流中的所有位置，养分浓度通常都很高。 TN 平均为 60 μM，75% 的样品高于 50 μM。 TP 平均为 1.7 μM，75% 的样品高于 1.2 μM。 NO3 是 N 的主要形式（占 TN 的 60%），而 PO4 占 TP 的约 40%。大多数氮和磷成分的季节和空间变化相当低，但模式很明显。从季节上看，N（TN、NO3 和 NH4）和 PO4 的形式表现出相反的模式。所有 N 成分在夏季均呈下降趋势，但 PO4 在夏季有所增加。在空间上，沿着200公里的淡水到寡盐河段，N和P表现出相似的模式——从河流的上游到中部下降，但随后在大多数下游的寡盐河段中增加。下游养分的增加可能是由污水输入和与盐度相关的磷地球化学释放共同引起的。河流上游到中段（100公里的一段）的初步预算表明，该河段养分浓度的下降是由于每年近2,000吨氮和200吨磷的净滞留，或约占该河段输入的氮和磷的20%。哈德逊河等潮汐河流中的滞留发生在河口正上方，因此可能比流域较高处发生的滞留更为重要。
Spatial and temporal dynamics of N and P were examined in the tidal Hudson River between 1992 and 1996. For all seasons and at all locations in the river nutrient concentrations were generally quite high. TN averaged 60 μM and was above 50 μM in 75% of samples. TP averaged 1.7 μM and was above 1.2 μM in 75% of samples. NO3 was the dominant form of N (60% of TN) while PO4 comprised about 40% of TP. Seasonal and spatial variation in most N and P components was quite low but patterns were apparent. Seasonally, forms of N (TN, NO3 and NH4) and PO4 showed opposite patterns. All N components showed summertime decreases, but PO4 increased over the summer. Spatially, along the 200 km fresh to oligohaline stretch, N and P showed similar patterns—declining from upper to mid sections of the river but subsequently increasing in most down river, oligohaline stretches. The down river increase in nutrients is likely caused by a combination of sewage inputs and salinity-related geochemical release of P. A preliminary budget of the upper to the mid section of the river (a 100 km stretch) suggests that the decline in nutrient concentration in this section is due to the net retention of almost 2,000 mT N and 200 mT P per year or about 20% of the N and P input to this section of river. The retention in tidal rivers, like the Hudson, occurs immediately above the estuary and may, therefore, be relatively more significant than retention occurring higher in the watershed.