Virome of Bat Guano from Nine Northern California Roosts
Virome of Bat Guano from Nine Northern California Roosts
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.01713-20
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Delwart, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Yanpeng;Altan, Eda;Delwart, Eric
蝙蝠是多种病毒的宿主，其中许多病毒能够跨物种传播给包括人类在内的其他哺乳动物。我们对北加州 9 个栖息地的 5 种常见蝙蝠以及 5 只蝙蝠个体的鸟粪中的病毒组进行了特征分析。检测到属于 14 个已知感染哺乳动物的病毒家族和 17 个感染昆虫或未知向性的病毒家族的基因组。对新型细小病毒、星状病毒、诺达病毒、环状Rep编码单链DNA（CRESS-DNA）病毒和浓核病毒的近乎完整或完整基因组，以及新型α冠状病毒和布尼亚病毒的更多部分基因组进行了表征。还发现与先前描述的其他蝙蝠物种中的杯状病毒、圆环病毒、腺病毒、肝病毒、博卡细小病毒和多瘤病毒具有>90%氨基酸同一性的读数数量较少，这可能反映了它们在不同蝙蝠中的广泛分布。出乎意料的是，还检测到了犬细小病毒 2 型和最近描述的小鼠肾细小病毒的一些序列读数，并通过 PCR 证实了它们的存在；这些可能源自食肉动物和啮齿动物的鸟粪污染。大多数真核病毒读数存在很大差异，这表明许多病毒仍有待表征，即使是翼手目这样经过严格研究的目。重要性表征蝙蝠病毒组对于了解病毒多样性和检测动物物种之间的病毒溢出非常重要。使用无偏见的宏基因组学方法，我们对从北加州常见蝙蝠物种的多个栖息地收集的鸟粪中的病毒组进行了表征。我们描述了几种新的病毒基因组，并报告了在其他蝙蝠物种中检测到的近亲病毒，这可能反映了跨物种传播。还检测到了来自著名的食肉动物和啮齿动物细小病毒的病毒序列，其存在可能是鸟粪上排便和排尿污染的结果，反映了这些哺乳动物在野外的密切相互作用。
Bats are hosts to a large variety of viruses, including many capable of cross-species transmissions to other mammals, including humans. We characterized the virome in guano from five common bat species in 9 Northern California roosts and from a pool of 5 individual bats. Genomes belonging to 14 viral families known to infect mammals and 17 viral families infecting insects or of unknown tropism were detected. Nearly complete or complete genomes of a novel parvovirus, astrovirus, nodavirus, circular Rep-encoding single-stranded DNA (CRESS-DNA) viruses, and densoviruses, and more partial genomes of a novel alphacoronavirus and a bunyavirus were characterized. Lower numbers of reads with >90% amino acid identity to previously described calicivirus, circovirus, adenoviruses, hepatovirus, bocaparvoviruses, and polyomavirus in other bat species were also found, likely reflecting their wide distribution among different bats. Unexpectedly, a few sequence reads of canine parvovirus 2 and the recently described mouse kidney parvovirus were also detected and their presence confirmed by PCR; these possibly originated from guano contamination by carnivores and rodents. The majority of eukaryotic viral reads were highly divergent, indicating that numerous viruses still remain to be characterized, even from such a heavily investigated order as Chiroptera.IMPORTANCE Characterizing the bat virome is important for understanding viral diversity and detecting viral spillover between animal species. Using an unbiased metagenomics method, we characterize the virome in guano collected from multiple roosts of common Northern California bat species. We describe several novel viral genomes and report the detection of viruses with close relatives reported in other bat species, likely reflecting cross-species transmissions. Viral sequences from well-known carnivore and rodent parvoviruses were also detected, whose presence are likely the result of contamination from defecation and urination atop guano and which reflect the close interaction of these mammals in the wild.