Effectiveness of Rack-Level Fans—Part I: Energy Savings Through Consolidation
Effectiveness of Rack-Level Fans—Part I: Energy Savings Through Consolidation
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DOI：
10.1115/1.4038235
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发表时间：
2017-12
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
R. Eiland;J. Fernandes;Bharath Nagendran;V. Mulay;D. Agonafer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Eiland;J. Fernandes;Bharath Nagendran;V. Mulay;D. Agonafer
通常，较小的风扇比成比例线性尺寸的较大风扇以较低的效率操作。在这项工作中，取代较小的，60毫米的基线风扇内的Web服务器的机箱与一个更大的，几何比例的80毫米和120毫米的风扇合并到机架的背面的阵列的适用性进行了实验测试。所选风扇的初步表征表明，较大的风扇以较小风扇的双峰总效率运行。在实验室环境中使用四个服务器的堆栈来表示服务器机架。当所有四台服务器在统一的计算负载下承受压力时，与基准风扇相比，80 mm风扇使机架风扇总功率降低了50.1-52.6%。120 mm风扇显示出机架风扇功率的类似降低，比基线降低47.6-54.0%。由于实际的数据中心很少在机架中的服务器上以均匀的计算负载运行，因此设想了最坏情况场景测试，其中较大风扇的阵列由以峰值计算工作负载运行的单个服务器控制，而机架中的其他三个保持空闲。尽管三台空闲服务器出现了严重的过冷现象，但与基准风扇相比，80 mm和120 mm风扇配置的机架风扇总功率仍分别降低了35%和34%。研究结果有力地表明，机架级风扇方案，其中服务器共享气流从一个阵列的整合较大的风扇是上级传统的机箱风扇。
In general, smaller fans operate at lower efficiencies than larger fans of proportional linear dimensions. In this work, the applicability of replacing smaller, 60 mm baseline fans from within the chassis of web servers with an array of larger, geometrically proportional 80 mm and 120 mm fans consolidated to the back of a rack is experimentally tested. Initial characterization of the selected fans showed that the larger fans operate at double peak total efficiency of the smaller fans. A stack of four servers were used in a laboratory setting to represent a rack of servers. When all four servers were stressed at uniform computational loadings, the 80 mm fans resulted in 50.1–52.6% reduction in total rack fan power compared to the baseline fans. The 120 mm fans showed similar reduction in rack fan power of 47.6–54.0% over the baseline. Since actual data centers rarely operate at uniform computational loading across servers in a rack, a worst case scenario test was conceived in which the array of larger fans were controlled by a single server operating at peak computational workload while the other three in the rack remained idle. Despite significant overcooling in the three idle servers, the 80 mm and 120 mm fan configurations still showed 35% and 34% reduction in total rack fan power compared to the baseline fans. The findings strongly suggest that a rack-level fan scheme in which servers share airflow from an array of consolidated larger fans is superior to traditional chassis fans.