Food habits of Yellowstone grizzly bears, 1977-1987
Food habits of Yellowstone grizzly bears, 1977-1987
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黄石灰熊的饮食习惯，1977-1987
DOI：
10.1139/z91-226
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
R. R. Knight
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Mattson;B. M. Blanchard;R. R. Knight
通过分析粪便，对怀俄明州、蒙大拿州和爱达荷州黄石地区灰熊的饮食习惯进行了 11 年的研究。有蹄类动物遗骸构成了早季粪便的主要部分，五月和六月粪便中的禾本科动物以及晚季粪便中的白皮松种子。在所有月份中，浆果只占粪便的一小部分。每年五月、九月和十月的饮食变化最大，八月最为多样化。排便率在 7 月份达到顶峰，在 4 月至 6 月期间较低。粪便含量的年份差异很大；对平均粪便成分的估计需要 4-6 年才能稳定。饮食的主要趋势很明显，反映了长期变化。我们建议，有必要进行长期研究，以充分记录熊在不同环境下的饮食习惯；黄石灰熊的饮食随着季节和每年优质食物的供应而变化，缺乏浆果和松树种子作物大小的大幅波动是限制的主要因素...
Food habits of grizzly bears were studied for 11 years in the Yellowstone area of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho by analyzing scats. Ungulate remains constituted a major portion of early-season scats, graminoids of May and June scats, and whitebark pine seeds of late-season scats. Berries composed a minor portion of scats during all months. The diet varied most among years during May, September, and October, and was most diverse during August. Defecation rates peaked in July and were low in April through June. Among-years differences in scat content were substantial; estimates of average scat composition took 4–6 years to stabilize. Major trends in diet were evident and reflected long-term variation. We suggest that long-term studies are necessary to adequately document bears' food habits in variable environments; the Yellowstone grizzly bears' diet varied with seasonal and yearly availability of high-quality foods, lack of berries and large fluctuations in the size of pine seed crops were major factors limi...