International R&D Spillovers and Innovation Efficiency
International R&D Spillovers and Innovation Efficiency
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国际R
DOI：
10.3390/su10113974
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Cheng, Shixiong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Jianping;Lu, Kai;Cheng, Shixiong
本研究的目的是利用44个国家1996-2013年的国家层面面板数据，考察国际研发（R&D）溢出效应对特定研发成果创新效率的影响。充分考虑不同R&D产出的异质性，将科技论文、PCT专利、美国专利和国内专利分别进行观察，丰富了国际R&D溢出测度的视角。通过对知识生产函数的随机前沿分析，发现外资研发资本存量对科技论文的创新效率有正向贡献，但对国内专利的生产率有抑制作用，而对PCT或美国专利则无显著影响。这些结果对于控制一系列制度因素和敏感性分析来说是稳健的。因此，依赖国际研发溢出效应似乎既不是新兴经济体追赶的正确途径，也不是发展中国家填补技术差距的可持续模式。而地方R&D资本存量对四种R&D产出的贡献都是至关重要的，因此提高内部R&D支出实际上是提高创新水平和可持续发展能力的关键。
The objective of this study is to examine the impact of international research and development (R&D) spillovers on innovation efficiency of specific R&D outcomes, employing the country-level panel data for 44 countries in the 1996-2013 period. Fully considering the heterogeneity of different R&D outputs, scientific papers, PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) patents, US patents, and domestic patents are observed separately, which enriches the angles of measuring international R&D spillovers. By applying a stochastic frontier analysis to knowledge production function, we find that foreign R&D capital stock positively contributes to the innovation efficiency of scientific papers, but suppresses the productivity of domestic patents, whereas it does not really matter for PCT or US patents. These results are robust to control for a set of institutional factors and also in sensitivity analyses. Hence, dependence on international R&D spillovers seems neither to be the right way for emerging economies to catch up, nor to be a sustainable model for developing countries to fill the technical gap. Local R&D capital stock, instead, keeps an essential contributor to all four R&D outputs, so raising internal R&D expenditure is actually the key to improving innovation level and sustainable development ability.