Colouration by total internal reflection and interference at microscale concave interfaces
Colouration by total internal reflection and interference at microscale concave interfaces
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-019-0946-4
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发表时间：
2019-02-28
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Zarzar, Lauren D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodling, Amy E.;Nagelberg, Sara;Zarzar, Lauren D.
许多物理现象产生颜色：色素和染料的光谱选择性光吸收（1,2），材料特定的光色散和光干涉（4-11）在微米尺度和纳米尺度的周期结构（12-17）。此外，散射、衍射和干涉机制是球形液滴固有的（18），它们有助于形成大气现象，如光晕、日冕和彩虹（19）。在这里，我们描述了一种以前未被认识的机制，用于创建具有大角度光谱分离的彩虹结构色。光沿着全内反射的不同轨迹在凹光学界面上传播，可以产生干涉，产生明亮的彩色图案。这种效应是在比可见光波长大几个数量级的界面上产生的，在像水滴凝结在透明基片上这样简单的系统中很容易观察到。我们还在复杂系统中利用这种现象，包括多相液滴，三维图案聚合物表面和固体微粒，以创建与理论预测一致的彩虹色图案。这种可控的结构着色在微尺度界面上是直接产生的，所以我们期望这里概述的设计原理和预测理论将对光学的基础探索和功能性胶体油墨和涂料、显示器和传感器的应用感兴趣。
Many physical phenomena create colour: spectrally selective light absorption by pigments and dyes(1,2), material-specific optical dispersion3 and light interference(4-11) in micrometre-scale and nanometre-scale periodic structures(12-17). In addition, scattering, diffraction and interference mechanisms are inherent to spherical droplets(18), which contribute to atmospheric phenomena such as glories, coronas and rainbows(19). Here we describe a previously unrecognized mechanism for creating iridescent structural colour with large angular spectral separation. Light travelling along different trajectories of total internal reflection at a concave optical interface can interfere to generate brilliant patterns of colour. The effect is generated at interfaces with dimensions that are orders of magnitude larger than the wavelength of visible light and is readily observed in systems as simple as water drops condensed on a transparent substrate. We also exploit this phenomenon in complex systems, including multiphase droplets, three-dimensional patterned polymer surfaces and solid microparticles, to create patterns of iridescent colour that are consistent with theoretical predictions. Such controllable structural colouration is straightforward to generate at microscale interfaces, so we expect that the design principles and predictive theory outlined here will be of interest both for fundamental exploration in optics and for application in functional colloidal inks and paints, displays and sensors.