Multivitamin-multimineral supplements: who uses them?
Multivitamin-multimineral supplements: who uses them?
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/85.1.277s
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Rock, Cheryl L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rock, Cheryl L.
膳食补充剂的使用在美国越来越普遍。含有或不含矿物质的复合维生素制剂通常是收集与膳食补充剂使用相关数据的调查和研究中报告的最常见的膳食补充剂类型。在1999-2000年的国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）中，52%的成年人报告在过去一个月内服用膳食补充剂，35%的人报告经常使用多种维生素-多种矿物质（MVMM）产品。NHANES III数据表明膳食补充剂使用的总体流行率为40%，NHANES II和NHANES I的流行率分别为35%和23%。在1999-2000年的NHANES中，女性（与男性相比）、老年组、非西班牙裔白人（与非西班牙裔黑人或墨西哥裔美国人相比）、受教育程度较高、体重指数较低、体力活动水平较高和经常饮酒的人报告使用MVMM补充剂的可能性更大。来自儿童的数据表明类似的流行率，但青少年研究报告的使用流行率较低。使用膳食补充剂（包括MVMM制剂）的个人通常在收集饮食数据的研究中报告更高的膳食营养素摄入量和更健康的饮食。在有乳腺癌或前列腺癌病史的成年人中，一般膳食补充剂和MVMMs的使用率相当高（例如，MVMMs为56-57%），这些亚组也更有可能报告使用单一维生素和矿物质补充剂。因此，在美国，MVMM的使用占营养素摄入量的相当大的比例，并可能导致过量摄入的风险。
Dietary supplement use is increasingly commonin the United States. Multivitamin formulations with or without minerals are typically the most common type of dietary supplement reported in surveys and studies that collect data relating to dietary supplement use. In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000, 52% of adults reported taking a dietary supplement in the past month, and 35% reported regular use of a multivitamin-multimineral (MVMM) product. NHANES III data indicate an overall prevalence of dietary supplement usage of 40%, with prevalence rates of 35% in NHANES II and 23% in NHANES I. Women (versus men), older age groups, non-Hispanic whites (versus non-Hispanic blacks or Mexican Americans), and those with a higher education level, lower body mass index, higher physical activity level, and more frequent consumption of wine had a greater likelihood of reporting use of MVMM supplements in NHANES 1999-2000. Data from children suggest a similar prevalence rate, but lower prevalence rates of usage were reported in studies of adolescents. Individuals who use dietary supplements (including MVMM formulations) generally report higher dietary nutrient intakes and healthier diets in studies in which dietary data were also collected. Among adults with a history of breast or prostate cancer, usage rates for dietary supplements in general and MVMMs are considerably higher (eg, 56-57% for MVMMs), and these subgroups are more likely to also report use of single vitamin and mineral supplements. Thus, MVMM use contributes a considerable proportion of nutrient intakes in the United States and may contribute to risk of excessive intakes.