Energy Intensity Developments in 40 Major Economies: Structural Change or Technology Improvement?
Energy Intensity Developments in 40 Major Economies: Structural Change or Technology Improvement?
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DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2313061
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发表时间：
2013-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. De Cian;M. Schymura;Elena Verdolini;S. Voigt
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. De Cian;M. Schymura;Elena Verdolini;S. Voigt
本研究使用 WIOD 数据库分析了 40 个主要经济体的能源强度趋势和驱动因素，该数据库是一个新颖的协调一致的投入产出表时间序列数据集，并附有环境卫星数据。我们使用对数平均 Divisia 指数分解来 (1) 研究 1995 年至 2007 年间全球能源强度的趋势，(2) 将效率变化归因于技术变化或经济结构变化，以及 (3) 突出部门和区域差异。我们首先表明，各国每个部门内部的异质性很高。这些行业内的总体趋势由大型经济体主导，首先是美国。在大多数情况下，每个国家内部不同部门的异质性较低。就国家层面的能源强度变化而言，1995年至2007年间的改善主要归因于技术变革，而结构变革在大多数国家中不太重要。值得注意的例外是日本、美国、澳大利亚、台湾、墨西哥和巴西，这些国家的行业结构变化是能源强度下降的主要推动力。
This study analyzes energy intensity trends and drivers in 40 major economies using the WIOD database, a novel harmonized and consistent dataset of input-output table time series accompanied by environmental satellite data. We use logarithmic mean Divisia index decomposition to (1) study trends in global energy intensity between 1995 and 2007, (2) attribute efficiency changes to either changes in technology or changes in the structure of the economy, and (3) highlight sectoral and regional differences. We first show that heterogeneity within each sector across countries is high. These general trends within the sectors are dominated by large economies, first and foremost the United States. In most cases, heterogeneity is lower within each country across the different sectors. Regarding changes of energy intensity at the country level, improvements between 1995 and 2007 are largely attributable to technological change while structural change is less important in most countries. Notable exceptions are Japan, the United States, Australia, Taiwan, Mexico and Brazil where a change in the industry mix was the main driver behind the observed energy intensity reduction.