Quantitative Methods for Studying Design Protocols
Quantitative Methods for Studying Design Protocols
复制标题
研究设计方案的定量方法
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-024-0984-0
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Jeff W. T. Kan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Gero;Jeff W. T. Kan
这本书解决了旨在提高设计活动的理解定量工具的发展。这项研究的动机是了解人类设计过程，并测试分析设计协议的新方法。提出了两个基本概念：（1）基于本体的编码方案和（2）利用该编码方案的链接图。功能-行为-结构（FBS）本体被用作理解设计和检查设计协议的基础-根据FBS设计问题对协议进行分段和编码。这提供了一种编码方法，该方法独立于设计域、设计器的数量、设计器是否配置以及它们是否使用工具。链接图是由段与段之间的语义联系构成的。由于每个片段都已经用FBS设计问题编码，因此链接定义了从一个FBS设计问题到另一个FBS设计问题的转换-换句话说-一个设计过程。这样的链接图生成设计协议中的所有设计过程。编码协议及其链接图提供了一系列分析技术的基础数据集，包括标准统计，马尔可夫建模和聚类。熵，因为它是在信息论中使用，是用来衡量linkographs和熵和设计结果之间的相关性测试。这些定量工具的开发和测试的数据从试点研究和各种设计实验。本书中提出的设计协议是为了演示的目的，它们的结果表明了可能的结果，而不是可推广的结论。本书中描述的概念和技术旨在研究设计活动，旨在增加读者可用的工具和技术，以增加他们对这种称为设计的活动的理解。
This book addresses the development of quantitative tools intended to improve the understanding of design activities. The motivation of the research was to understand human design processes and test new approaches to analyse design protocols. Two foundational concepts are presented:(1) an ontologically based coding scheme and (2) linkography that utilises that coding scheme. The Function-Behaviour-Structure (FBS) ontology is used as a foundation to understand designing and to examine design protocols—protocols are segmented and coded according to FBS design issues. This provides a coding method that is independent of the design domain, the number of designers, whether the designers are collocated or not, and whether or not they use tools. Linkographs are composed of the semantic connections between segments. Since each segment is already coded with an FBS design issue, a link defines the transformation of one FBS design issue to another—in other words—a design process. Such a linkograph generates all the design processes in a design protocol. The coded protocol and its linkograph provide the base datasets for a range of analysis techniques including standard statistics, Markov modelling and clustering. Entropy, as it is used in information theory, is used to measure linkographs and test for correlations between entropy and design outcomes. These quantitative tools were developed and tested on data from a pilot study and from various design experiments. The design protocols presented in this book are for demonstration purposes and the results from them are indicative of the kinds of results possible rather than generalizable conclusions. The concepts and techniques described in this book to examine design activities are aimed at increasing the tools and techniques available to readers to increase their understanding of this activity called designing.