Wall roughness induces asymptotic ultimate turbulence

Wall roughness induces asymptotic ultimate turbulence
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壁面粗糙度引起渐近极限湍流

DOI:
10.1038/s41567-017-0026-3
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发表时间:
2017-11
期刊:
影响因子:
19.6
通讯作者:
Lohse Detlef
Lohse Detlef
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhu Xiaojue;Verschoof Ruben A.;Bakhuis Dennis;Huisman S;er G.;Verzicco Roberto;Sun Chao;Lohse Detlef

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湍流在多个尺度上控制着热、质量和动量的传递。在实际应用中,壁面湍流通常涉及粗糙的表面;然而,表征和理解壁面粗糙度对湍流的影响仍然是一个挑战。在这里,通过结合大量的实验和数值模拟,我们研究了范式Taylor-Couette系统,它描述了两个独立旋转的同轴圆柱体之间的封闭流动。我们展示了壁面粗糙度如何极大地增强了与壁面有界湍流相关的整体输运性质和相应的标度指数。我们发现,如果只有一个壁是粗糙的,由于分离流动结构与该壁的耦合更强,体速度从属于粗糙的一面。如果两个壁面都是粗糙的,那么粘度依赖性就被消除了,从而产生渐近极限湍流——输运的上限——这种湍流的存在早在50多年前就被预测到了。在这个极限下,尺度定律可以外推到任意大的雷诺数。
Turbulence governs the transport of heat, mass and momentum on multiple scales. In real-world applications, wall-bounded turbulence typically involves surfaces that are rough; however, characterizing and understanding the effects of wall roughness on turbulence remains a challenge. Here, by combining extensive experiments and numerical simulations, we examine the paradigmatic Taylor–Couette system, which describes the closed flow between two independently rotating coaxial cylinders. We show how wall roughness greatly enhances the overall transport properties and the corresponding scaling exponents associated with wall-bounded turbulence. We reveal that if only one of the walls is rough, the bulk velocity is slaved to the rough side, due to the much stronger coupling to that wall by the detaching flow structures. If both walls are rough, the viscosity dependence is eliminated, giving rise to asymptotic ultimate turbulence—the upper limit of transport—the existence of which was predicted more than 50 years ago. In this limit, the scaling laws can be extrapolated to arbitrarily large Reynolds numbers.
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