Homogeneity and autonomy of Canadian Raising: Homogeneity and autonomy of Canadian Raising
Homogeneity and autonomy of Canadian Raising: Homogeneity and autonomy of Canadian Raising
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加拿大饲养的同质性和自主性： 加拿大饲养的同质性和自主性
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
Emily Sadlier
中科院分区：
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作者：
Emily Sadlier
“加拿大式提升”是双元音/aw/和/ay/的低核在无辅音辅音之前提升到“中间”位置的过程。虽然这一过程经常出现在加拿大人的简单刻板印象中（例如，“oot”和“aboot”代表外出和外出），但实际上这是一个更为复杂的现象，因为它不仅限于加拿大，也不均匀地发生在全国各地，并且已经被各种各样的人声称正在逐渐支持美国标准，特别是在温哥华。本文介绍了解决这些问题的两项研究的结果。第一个是对温哥华青少年和成年人的明显时间研究。结果表明，CR一般是一个稳定的特点，温哥华英语，而提高和未提高的变体显示出强烈的表观时间前置的趋势。这些结果表明，温哥华与加拿大其他城市的CR。第二个是比较华盛顿州和温哥华、不列颠哥伦比亚省的说话者。结果表明，CR的最广泛的方面，提高/aw/的高度，继续区分华盛顿从温哥华扬声器，但在所有其他方面，扬声器从两个地区表现出更多的相似性比差异。
: “Canadian Raising” is the process in which the low nucleus of the diphthongs /aw/ and /ay/ is raised to “mid” position before voiceless consonants. Although the process is often featured in simple stereotypes of Canadian speech (e.g. “oot” and “aboot” for out and about), it is in reality a far more complex phenomenon in that it is not restricted to Canada, does not occur uniformly across the country, and has been variously claimed to be receding in favour of American standards, particularly in Vancouver. This paper presents the results of two studies addressing these issues. The first is an apparent-time study of teens and adults in Vancouver. Results suggest that CR is generally a stable feature of Vancouver English, while both the raised and unraised variants show a strong apparent-time fronting trend. These results demonstrate Vancouver to align with other Canadian cities with regards to CR. The second is a comparison between speakers in Washington State and Vancouver, British Columbia. Results indicate that the most widely-remarked aspect of CR, the height of raised /aw/, continues to differentiate Washington from Vancouver speakers, but that in all other respects, speakers from the two regions demonstrate more similarities than differences.