RESPIRATORY DISORDERS AND ATOPY IN DANISH REFUSE WORKERS
RESPIRATORY DISORDERS AND ATOPY IN DANISH REFUSE WORKERS
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DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.149.6.8004291
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发表时间：
1994-06-01
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
PETERSEN, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SIGSGAARD, T;MALMROS, P;PETERSEN, C
这项调查描述了呼吸道和粘膜症状的垃圾处理和回收工人在丹麦。这项研究包括20名纸张分拣工人，8名堆肥工人和44名垃圾处理工人。作为对照组，119名工人从水净化厂的哥本哈根，工人在我们的研究中有一个较低的平均年龄和较短的平均就业时间比对照组的成员。两组之间的烟草消费量没有显著差异。垃圾处理工人接触的总粉尘平均浓度（SD）显著高于供水工人--0.74（0.77）mg/m3比0.42（0.25）mg/m3（p < 0.05）。垃圾处理区和堆肥区的微生物总数显著高于纸张分类区和供水区，分别为0.46（0.125）x 10（5）、0.54（0.77）x 10（5）、4.7（5.89）x 10（3）和0.08（0.04）x 10（3）cfu/m（3）（p < 0.05）。这种差异不能解释为不同增长要求的影响。堆肥厂和垃圾处理厂的革兰氏阴性菌数量明显高于供水厂。仅在垃圾处理厂，内毒素的含量明显高于纸张分拣厂。在垃圾处理工人中，胸闷（14%）、流感样症状（14%）、眼痒（27%）、鼻痒（14）和喉咙痛或痒（21%）的患病率明显高于供水工人，分别为1%、1%、11%和0%。此外，恶心和呕吐或腹泻的患病率从供水工人的2%和7%上升到垃圾工人的19%和27%。有机粉尘中毒综合征（ODTS）被发现与垃圾处理。在多变量分析中，ODTS被发现与一个熟悉的特应性倾向。基本肺功能参数或支气管反应性无差异。在垃圾和堆肥工人中，峰值流速变化超过20%的人比例增加，表明工作环境对肺部的急性影响。皮肤症状在垃圾处理工人中更为普遍，23%的人每年皮肤瘙痒超过一次，14%的人每月超过一次。这项研究证实了垃圾和堆肥工人的粘膜和皮肤症状的患病率增加，并且还发现这些工人的ODTS和胃肠道症状的患病率增加，这与处理高度污染的垃圾或在高度污染的地区工作有关。
This survey describes respiratory and mucosal symptoms of garbage-handling and recycling workers in Denmark. The study includes 20 paper-sorting workers, eight compost workers, and 44 garbage-handling workers. As a control group, 119 workers from water purification plants of Copenhagen were chosen; workers in our study had a lower mean age and shorter mean employment time than did members of the control group. There was no significant difference in tobacco consumption between the groups. Garbage-handling workers were exposed to a significantly higher mean concentration (SD) of total dust than were water supply workers - 0.74 (0.77) mg/m(3) compared with 0.42 (0.25) mg/m(3) (p < 0.05). Total count of microorganisms was significantly higher in garbage-handling and composting areas compared with paper-sorting as well as water supply areas 0.46 (0.125) x 10(5), 0.54 (0.77) x 10(5), 4.7 (5.89) x 10(3), and 0.08 (0.04) x 10(3) cfu/m(3), respectively (p < 0.05). This difference could not be explained as an effect of differential growth requirements. Significantly higher amounts of gram-negative bacteria were found in composting and garbage-handling plants than in water-supply plants. In garbage-handling plants only, there were significantly higher amounts of endotoxins than in paper-sorting plants. Significantly higher prevalence of chest tightness (14%), flu-like symptoms (14%), itching eyes (27%), itching nose (14), and sore or itching throat(21%) were found among garbage-handling workers, compared with, respectively, 1, 1, 11 and 0% among water-supply workers. Furthermore, prevalence of nausea and vomiting or diarrhea rose from 2% and 7% among the water-supply workers to 19% and 27% among the garbage workers. Organic dust toxic syndrome (ODTS) was found to be associated with garbage handling. In a multivariate analysis, ODTS was found to be associated with a familiar disposition to atopy. No differences were seen in basic lung function parameters or bronchial reactivity. There was an increased proportion of people with variation in peak flow rates of more than 20% in the garbage and compost workers, indicating an acute effect of the work environment upon the lungs. Skin symptoms were significantly more prevalent among garbage-handling workers, with 23% experiencing itching of the skin more than once per year and 14% more than once per month. This study has confirmed an increased prevalence of mucosal and skin symptoms among garbage and compost workers and also has found these workers to have a raised prevalence of ODTS and gastrointestinal symptoms, related to working either with highly contaminated garbage or in highly contaminated areas.