Applications of soluble polymeric supports
Applications of soluble polymeric supports
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可溶性聚合物载体的应用
DOI：
10.1007/3-540-10218-3_2
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发表时间：
1981
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Mutter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Geckeler;V. Pillai;M. Mutter
近年来，不溶性聚合物除了作为离子交换剂的传统用途外，还广泛用作固相合成1）、色谱2）的载体以及有机试剂3）、催化剂4）、酶5）和生物活性化合物6）的载体。这种方法的优点是模拟高稀释或假稀释条件，鱼钩和浓缩原理，促进选择性聚合物内反应，稳定反应物种和消除挥发性恶臭试剂7）。反应副产物的容易分离是使用不溶性聚合物试剂的重要优点。实现位点隔离以及反应位点的化学和动力学不等价性的问题可以被看作是在这种聚合物基质中反应的严重缺点。在这种情况下，使用线性可溶性聚合物代替交联的不溶性树脂在许多方面将是有利的。在某些情况下，聚合物的分离可能会引起操作问题;然而，在大多数情况下，可溶性聚合物允许通过选择性沉淀或通过膜过滤进行分离。这些考虑在线性可溶性聚合物作为连续型有机合成的载体，作为有机试剂、酶、催化剂的载体，作为络合剂和作为聚合物药物的应用中引起了很大的兴趣。本文试图对有关使用可溶性聚合物的文献进行一次严格的调查。
In addition to their classical use as ion exchangers, insoluble polymers have been widely used in recent years as supports for solid-phase~ nthesis l), chromatography 2) and as carriers of organic reagents 3), catalysts 4), enzymes s), and pharmacologically active compounds 6). The advantages of this approach are the simulation of high dilution or pseudodilution conditions, the fish-hook and concentration principle, the facilitation of selective intrapolymeric reactions, stabilization of reactive species and the elimination of volatile malodorous reagents 7). The easy separation of the by-products of the reaction is an important advantage of the use of insoluble polymeric reagents. The question of the achievement of the site isolation and the chemical and kinetical non-equivalence of the reaction sites can be visualized as serious disadvantages of the reactions in such polymeric matrices s). In this context, the use of linear soluble polymers in the place of the cross-linked insoluble resins would be advantageous in many respects. The separation of the polymers may raise an operational problem in some cases; however, in most cases, the soluble polymer permits separation by selective precipitation or by membrane illtration. These considerations have awakened much interest nowadays in the application of linear soluble polymers as supports for sequential type organic syntheses, as carriers of organic reagents, enzymes, catalysts, as complexing agents and as polymeric drugs. A critical survey of the literature concerning the use of soluble polymers for these purposes is attempted here.