Precambrian Tectonic Environments
Precambrian Tectonic Environments
复制标题
前寒武纪构造环境
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.ea.03.050175.000335
复制
发表时间：
1975
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
C. Anhaeusser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Anhaeusser
自Dietz（1961）和Hess（1962）首次提出海底扩张的概念以来，已有大量文献支持中生代大陆漂移。在古地磁学、极地漂移和海底扩张方面取得显著进展（朗科恩，1962年;维恩和马修斯，1963年;维恩，1966年）之后，板块构造理论得到了阐述（麦肯齐和帕克，1967年;勒皮雄，1968年;摩根，1968年;伊萨克等人，1968年;麦肯齐，1972年）。板块构造或“新全球构造”理论的出现为构造过程提供了一个统一的全球性解释（Dewey & Bird 1970）。造山运动的新模型涉及到板块在扩张和收敛边界的运动。直到20世纪60年代中期，经典的地槽概念才被广泛接受，实际上已经过时（Dickinson 1971）。板块构造的概念迫使地质学家在区域和全球范围内重新研究沉积、岩浆活动、变形和变质作用。最初，注意力集中在板块构造理论，因为它影响当代地槽，岛弧，山脉和海洋领域（Mitchell &阅读1 969，Bird & Dewey 1970，Dewey & Bird 1970，科尔曼1971，Dickinson 1971，Gilluly 197 1，Oxburgh & Turcotte 1971），但这些努力的成功导致了板块构造模型在古生代和晚前寒武纪造山带中的应用，如乌拉尔山脉和阿巴拉契亚/加里东造山带（汉密尔顿1970，伯德和杜威1970，麦克尔欣尼和布里登1971）。一个结果是越来越倾向于将该理论应用于前寒武纪记录，并评估板块构造机制在早期大陆演化中的可能作用（Dewey & Horsfield 1970）。有些人认为，古老的移动的带，甚至是太古代的绿岩带，代表了原大陆碎片相互碰撞、与岛弧碰撞或与洋壳碰撞的冲击痕迹（Gibb 1971，Gibb & Walcott 1971，白色等人1971，Condie 1972，塔尔博特1973）。把板块构造假说应用到更早的地质时代有多合理？在作出判断之前，最好是严格审查
Since the concept of sea-floor spreading was first introduced by Dietz (1961) and Hess (1962) a voluminous literature has developed to support Mesozoic continental drift. Notable advances in paleomagnetism, polar wandering, and sea-floor spreading (Runcorn 1962, Vine & Matthews 1 963, Vine 1 966) were followed by formulation of the theory of plate tectonics (McKenzie & Parker 1 967, Le Pichon 1 968, Morgan 1 968, Isacks et al 1 968, McKenzie 1 972). Emergence of the plate tectonic or "new global tectonic" theory has provided a unifying worldwide explanation for tectonic processes (Dewey & Bird 1 970). New models for mountain building involve plate motions at divergent and convergent plate boundaries. Relegated to virtual obsolescence (Dickinson 1971) are the classical geosynclinal concepts widely held until the mid-1960s. The concept of plate tectonics compelled geologists to reexamine sedimentation, igneous activity, deformation, and metamorphism on both regional and global scales. Initially, attention was devoted to plate tectonic theory as it affected contemporary geosynclines, island arcs, mountain ranges, and oceanic domains (Mitchell & Reading 1 969, Bird & Dewey 1970, Dewey & Bird 1970, Coleman 1971, Dickinson 1971, Gilluly 197 1 , Oxburgh & Turcotte 1971), but the success of these efforts led to the application of the plate tectonic model to Paleozoic and late Precambrian orogenic terranes such as the Uralides and Appalachian/Caledonian Orogen (Hamilton 1 970, Bird & Dewey 1 970, McElhinny & Briden 1 97 1 ). A sequel has been a growing tendency to apply the theory to the Precambrian record and to evaluate the possible role of the plate tectonic mechanisms during early continental evolution (Dewey & Horsfield 1 970). Some believe that ancient mobile belts, and even the Archean greenstone belts, represent the impact scars of protocontinental fragments colliding with each other, with island arcs, or with oceanic crust (Gibb 1971, Gibb & Walcott 1971, White et al 1971, Condie 1972, Talbot 1973). How justified is application of the plate tectonic hypothesis to earlier geologic time? Before making judgment it may be advisable to examine critically the