CELL DEATHS IN NORMAL VERTEBRATE ONTOGENY
CELL DEATHS IN NORMAL VERTEBRATE ONTOGENY
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-185x.1951.tb00774.x
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发表时间：
1951-01-01
影响因子：
10
通讯作者：
GLUCKSMANN, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GLUCKSMANN, A
在正常的脊椎动物胚胎中，在胚胎发生和神经系统、感觉器官、表皮、消化道、呼吸道、泌尿生殖道、血管系统、脊索、软骨和骨骨骼以及肌肉的发育过程中，已经发现退化。退化的过程和持续时间随细胞的特化程度、其功能状态（例如有丝分裂）、动物的类型和细胞死亡的数量而变化。虽然有些退化没有明显的功能，但其他退化在组织和器官的形态发生和组织发生以及系统发育步骤的表示和回归中起着重要作用。大多数组织发生和系统发育以及某些形态发生退化可以用停止有关细胞增殖和分化的特定刺激来解释。细胞变性被认为是将细胞整合到组织和器官中、帮助形成形式、去除多余物质和制备用于进一步发育步骤的去分化芽基的重要机制。
Degenerations have been found in normal vertebrate embryos during embryogenesis and the development of the nervous system, the sense organs, the epidermis, the digestive tract, the respiratory tract, the uro-genital tract, the vascular system, the notochord, the cartilaginous and osseous skeleton, and the muscles. The process and duration of degeneration varies with the degree of specialization of the cell, its functional state (e.g. mitosis), the type of the animal and the number of cell deaths. While some degenerations have no obvious function, others play a significant role in the morphogenesis and histogenesis of tissues and organs and the representation and regression of phylogenetic steps. Most histiogenetic and phylogenetic and some morphogenetic degenerations may be explained by the cessation of specific stimuli for the proliferation and differentiation of the cells concerned. Cell degeneration is found to be an important mechanism of integrating cells into tissues and organs, of helping to shape the form, of removing superfluous material and of preparing dedifferentiated blastemas used for further developmental steps.