Shortwave infrared diffuse optical wearable probe for quantification of water and lipid content in emulsion phantoms using deep learning.
Shortwave infrared diffuse optical wearable probe for quantification of water and lipid content in emulsion phantoms using deep learning.
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DOI：
10.1117/1.jbo.28.9.094808
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发表时间：
2023-09
影响因子：
3.5
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中科院分区：
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短波红外（SWIR，到2000 nm）由于发色团特定的吸收特性和在此范围内的低散射，有望用于厚组织中水和脂质含量的无标记测量。体内水和脂质估计具有潜在的应用，包括监测水合作用、体积状态、水肿、身体组成、体重减轻和癌症。据我们所知，目前还没有利用SWIR波长范围的即时或可穿戴设备，这限制了该技术的临床和家庭转化。设计并制作了一种用于组织中水分和脂质定量的可穿戴式漫反射短波红外探头。首先进行模拟以确认SWIR波长相对于近红外（NIR）的理论优势。然后制造探针，其由三个波长（980、1200、1300 nm）的发光二极管和四个源-检测器（S-D）间隔（7、10、13、16 mm）组成。然后对含有不同浓度水、脂质和氧化氘的乳剂模型进行体外验证（）。开发了深度神经网络作为数量估计的逆模型。模拟表明，与NIR波长相比，SWIR波长可以将理论水和脂质提取误差从到减少。SWIR探头具有良好的信噪比（高达10 mm S-D）和低漂移（高达10 mm S-D）。乳剂模型中的定量误差为水和脂质。在稀释实验中，水的估计误差为。这种漫射光学SWIR探针能够在体外以良好的准确度定量水和脂质含量，为人类研究打开了大门。
The shortwave infrared (SWIR, to 2000 nm) holds promise for label-free measurements of water and lipid content in thick tissue, owed to the chromophore-specific absorption features and low scattering in this range. In vivo water and lipid estimations have potential applications including the monitoring of hydration, volume status, edema, body composition, weight loss, and cancer. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no point-of-care or wearable devices available that exploit the SWIR wavelength range, limiting clinical and at-home translation of this technology. To design and fabricate a diffuse optical wearable SWIR probe for water and lipid quantification in tissue. Simulations were first performed to confirm the theoretical advantage of SWIR wavelengths over near infrared (NIR). The probe was then fabricated, consisting of light emitting diodes at three wavelengths (980, 1200, 1300 nm) and four source-detector (S-D) separations (7, 10, 13, 16 mm). In vitro validation was then performed on emulsion phantoms containing varying concentrations of water, lipid, and deuterium oxide (). A deep neural network was developed as the inverse model for quantity estimation. Simulations indicated that SWIR wavelengths could reduce theoretical water and lipid extraction errors from to when compared to NIR wavelengths. The SWIR probe had good signal-to-noise ratio ( up to 10 mm S-D) and low drift ( up to 10 mm S-D). Quantification error in emulsion phantoms was for water and for lipid. Water estimation during a dilution experiment had an error of . This diffuse optical SWIR probe was able to quantify water and lipid contents in vitro with good accuracy, opening the door to human investigations.