The role of memory in guiding attention during natural vision
The role of memory in guiding attention during natural vision
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DOI：
10.1167/6.9.4
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Itti, Laurent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carmi, Ran;Itti, Laurent
知觉记忆引导注意力的时间框架是什么？目前的估计范围从几百毫秒到几秒、几分钟甚至几天。在这里，我们回答这个问题，通过建立在现实的观看条件下的注意力选择的时间过程。首先，我们将连续的视频剪辑转换为MTV风格的视频剪辑，通过使用突变（跳跃剪切）将连续的剪辑片段串在一起。然后，我们要求参与者视觉上探索连续或MTV风格的剪辑，并记录他们的眼跳作为注意力选择的客观行为指标。通过量化人类注意力选择与基于神经的计算模型预测之间的一致性，在不同的观看条件下和随着时间的推移估计感知记忆的利用率。在临界条件下，跳跃切割导致知觉记忆对注意选择的影响急剧下降，随后在连续7次眼跳和2.5秒内记忆利用率单调增加。这些结果表明，知觉记忆痕迹在引导注意力在自然视觉过程中的几个眼跳中发挥了重要作用。我们提出了新的假设和实验，使用混合的自然-人工刺激来进一步阐明注意力选择的神经计算机制。
What is the time frame in which perceptual memory guides attention? Current estimates range from a few hundred milliseconds to several seconds, minutes, or even days. Here, we answer this question by establishing the time course of attentional selection in realistic viewing conditions. First, we transformed continuous video clips into MTV-style video clips by stringing together continuous clip segments using abrupt transitions ( jump cuts). We then asked participants to visually explore either continuous or MTV-style clips and recorded their saccades as objective behavioral indicators of attentional selections. The utilization of perceptual memory was estimated across viewing conditions and over time by quantifying the agreement between human attentional selections and predictions made by a neurally grounded computational model. In the critical condition, jump cuts led to sharp declines in the impact of perceptual memory on attentional selection, followed by monotonic increases in memory utilization across seven consecutive saccades and 2.5 s. These results demonstrate that perceptual memory traces play an important role in guiding attention across several saccades during natural vision. We propose novel hypotheses and experiments using hybrid natural - artificial stimuli to further elucidate neurocomputational mechanisms of attentional selection.