Resistance is costly: trade-offs between immunity, fecundity and survival in the pea aphid
Resistance is costly: trade-offs between immunity, fecundity and survival in the pea aphid
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2005.3089
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发表时间：
2005-09-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Fellowes, MDE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gwynn, DM;Callaghan, A;Fellowes, MDE
在许多环境中，拟寄生物是昆虫最重要的天敌之一。豌豆蚜是温带豆科作物的一种常见害虫。豌豆蚜虫经常受到一系列寄生黄蜂的攻击，包括常见的蚜虫，蚜虫。对拟寄生物攻击的免疫力被认为与次生共生细菌有关，这种细菌的存在与拟寄生物卵的死亡有关。由于携带与拟寄生虫抗性相关的次生共生体的个体后代较少，因此有人认为抗性存在繁殖成本。支持这一假设，我们发现繁殖力和对寄生蜂攻击的易感性之间存在正相关关系。繁殖力与离株存活期也呈负相关（与抗寄生蜂攻击呈正相关）。综上所述，这些结果表明，蚜虫既可以进行防御（抵抗寄生虫，增加植物外存活时间），也可以进行繁殖，并推测这可能是由蚜虫内共生动物群的变化所介导的。此外，蚜虫的大小与抗性之间存在正相关关系，这表明蚜虫对寄生蜂攻击的成功抗性可能涉及生理和生理防御。
Parasitoids are among the most important natural enemies of insects in many environments. Acyrthosiphon pisum, the pea aphid, is a common pest of the leguminous crops in temperate regions. Pea aphids are frequently attacked by a range of endoparasitic wasps, including the common aphidiine, Aphidius ervi. Immunity to parasitoid attack is thought to involve secondary symbiotic bacteria, the presence of which is associated with the death of the parasitoid egg. It has been suggested that there is a fecundity cost of resistance, as individuals carrying the secondary symbionts associated with parasitoid resistance have fewer offspring. Supporting this hypothesis, we find a positive relationship between fecundity and susceptibility to parasitoid attack. There is also a negative relationship between fecundity and off-plant survival time (which positively correlates with resistance to parasitoid attack). Taken together, these results suggest that the aphids can either invest in defence (parasitoid resistance, increased off-plant survival time) or reproduction, and speculate that this may be mediated by changes in the aphids' endosymbiont fauna. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between aphid size and resistance, suggesting that successful resistance to parasitoid attack may involve physical, as well as physiological, defences.