Vinasse rate, time of application and compaction effect on soil properties and durum wheat crop
Vinasse rate, time of application and compaction effect on soil properties and durum wheat crop
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DOI：
10.1006/jaer.1999.0419
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Marakis, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gemtos, TA;Chouliaras, N;Marakis, S
本文报道了一项研究酒糟（一种酒精工业废物）在农业中循环利用效果的实验结果。通过拖拉式酒糟喷雾器系统压实约10%的田地，将酒糟施用于硬粒小麦作物。实验在希腊中部进行，在两种土壤（粘土和粉质粘壤土）上进行，具有三个水平的酒糟率（一个完全覆盖作物的N需求，一个覆盖N需求的一半，其余的被化学肥料覆盖，对照没有酒糟，只使用化学肥料）和三次施用（夏季，秋季犁地前和秋季钻孔前）。地块的中间带通过拖拉机牵引的酒糟喷雾器的三个通道进行压实，产生压实处理。在试验过程中，测定了土壤的物理和化学性质以及植物的生长和产量。结果表明，压实处理具有较高的土壤干容重和强度，而酒糟用量和施用时间对土壤干容重和强度影响不显著。施用酒糟使土壤中N、交换性Na+、K+和有效Mn含量增加。压实对植株生长有显著影响，而酒糟用量和施用时间的影响不显著。产量受天气条件影响。在压实的地块，产量一般较低，但在潮湿的年份，他们也显着。在较高的酒糟率和较低的应用程序在秋季犁地前，产量较高，表明该治疗的不利影响。对四年产量的综合分析表明，在粘土中压实的不利影响显着，而在粉质粘壤土的效果不显着。酒糟的应用显着增加产量，而不利影响，观察前犁的应用程序。这项工作证明了酒糟回收作为化肥替代品的有益效果，以及使用喷洒系统的可行性，该系统仅压实10%的田地，以减少土壤压实对作物的任何不利经济影响。(C)1999年，Silsoe研究所。
The results of an experiment studying the effects of vinasse (an alcohol industry waste) recycling in agriculture are reported in this work. Vinasse was applied in a durum wheat crop by a trailed vinasse sprayer system compacting about 10% of the field. The experiment was carried out in Central Greece, on two soils (a clay and a silty clay loam) with three levels of vinasse rate (one fully covering N requirements of the crop, one covering half the N requirements, the rest covered by chemical fertilizers and a control without vinasse and use only of chemical fertilizers) and three times of application (Summer, Autumn before ploughing and Autumn before drilling). The middle strip of the plots was compacted by three passes of the tractor-trailed vinasse sprayer producing the compacted treatment. During the experiment, the physical and chemical properties of the soil were measured as well as the plant growth and yield. It was found that the compacted plots had higher dry bulk density and soil strength, while vinasse rate and time of application effects were not significant. An increase in N, exchangeable Na+, K+ and available Mn was caused by vinasse application. Compaction had a significant effect on plant growth, while vinasse rate and time of application effects were not significant. Yields were affected by weather conditions. In the compacted plots, the yields were generally lower but in the wet years they were also significant. Yields were higher at higher vinasse rates and lower for the application before ploughing in the autumn, indicating an adverse effect of that treatment. The combined analysis of the yields for the four years showed a significant adverse effect of compaction in the clay soil, while in the silty clay loam the effect was not significant. Vinasse application significantly increased yields, while an adverse effect was observed for the applications before ploughing. The work proved the beneficial effects of vinasse recycling as a substitute for chemical fertilizers and the feasibility of using of a spraying system, which compacts only the 10% of the field, to reduce any adverse economic effect of soil compaction on the crop. (C) 1999 Silsoe Research Institute.