Wolf spiders show graded antipredator behavior in the presence of chemical cues from different sized predators
Wolf spiders show graded antipredator behavior in the presence of chemical cues from different sized predators
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1013679532070
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发表时间：
2001-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Rypstra, AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Persons, MH;Rypstra, AL
狼蛛，豹蛛，显示有效的反捕食行为（减少活动）在丝和排泄物的存在。来自另一种共生狼蛛Hogna helluo的成年蜘蛛的线索。然而，Pardosa和Hogna从事规模结构的行会内捕食，Pardosa可能是猎物或捕食者的Hogna。我们测试了成年雌性豹蛛的能力，以不同的抗捕食者反应对利它素产生的Hogna不同的大小。Hogna在滤纸上保持24小时，然后我们将滤纸与空白纸同时配对给成年雌性豹蛛。一种处理有两张空白纸作为对照。Hogna刺激处理如下（N = 15/处理）：（1）1只Hogna，其质量为豹蛛的一半;（2）1只Hogna，其质量与豹蛛相同;（3）1只成年Hogna。（4）8个霍格纳，每一个都是豹蛛质量的0.25倍。豹蛛的活性降低的利它素的存在下，从Hogna相等或更大的大小，但没有显示出变化的活动中存在的空白对照或从一个单一的Hogna小于本身。Pardosa在八个小Hogna的提示下表现出活动减少。Pardosa避免基板与成人Hogna线索，但没有回避任何其他治疗。这些结果表明，豹蛛表现出分级antipredator行为相对于捕食者利它素存在的数量，而不是直接区分不同大小的捕食者。
The wolf spider, Pardosa milvina, displays effective antipredator behavior (reduced activity) in the presence of silk and excreta. cues from adults of another cooccurring wolf spider, Hogna helluo. However, Pardosa and Hogna engage in size-structured intraguild predation, where Pardosa may be either the prey or predator of Hogna. We tested the ability of adult female Pardosa to vary antipredator responses toward kairomones produced by Hogna that vary in size. Hogna were maintained on filter paper for 24 hr. We then presented the paper to adult female Pardosa simultaneously paired with a blank sheet of paper. One treatment had two sheets of blank paper to serve as a control. The Hogna stimulus treatments were as follows (N = 15/treatment): (1) 1 Hogna half the mass of Pardosa (2) 1 Hogna of equal mass of a Pardosa; (3) 1 adult Hogna. 30 times the mass of Pardosa and (4) 8 Hogna each 0.25 the mass of Pardosa. Pardosa decreased activity in the presence of kairomones from Hogna of equal or larger size, but showed no change in activity in the presence of a blank control or from a single Hogna smaller than itself. Pardosa showed a reduction in activity in the presence of cues from eight small Hogna. Pardosa avoided substrates with adult Hogna cues, but showed no avoidance response to any other treatment. These results suggest that Pardosa is showing graded antipredator behavior relative to the quantity of predator kairomones present rather than directly discriminating among the different sizes of the predator.