Mucins: the frontline defence of the lung.
Mucins: the frontline defence of the lung.
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DOI：
10.1042/bst20170402
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发表时间：
2018-10-19
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Thornton DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ridley C;Thornton DJ
粘液在保护肺部免受环境因素影响方面起着至关重要的作用，但相反，在粘膜阻塞性气道疾病中，粘液成为病理性的。在其保护作用中，粘液捕获微生物和颗粒，通过运动纤毛的协调跳动将它们从肺部移除。这种肺防御机制依赖于流动的粘液凝胶，决定粘液流变学性质的主要大分子组分是聚合粘蛋白MUC 5AC和MUC 5 B。这些大的O-连接的糖蛋白在维持肺内稳态中具有直接作用。MUC 5 B对于与纤毛清除系统的相互作用是必不可少的，并且MUC 5AC响应于过敏性炎症激发而上调。具有异常生物物理性质的粘液是粘膜阻塞性呼吸系统疾病的特征，并且可以由许多不同的机制引起，包括粘液聚合物组装、粘液浓度和粘液中的大分子形式的改变，以及气道表面水合作用、pH和离子组成的变化。异常粘液通过受损的纤毛清除导致肺保护缺陷，从而导致感染和炎症。
Mucus plays a vital role in protecting the lungs from environmental factors, but conversely, in muco-obstructive airway disease, mucus becomes pathologic. In its protective role, mucus entraps microbes and particles removing them from the lungs via the co-ordinated beating of motile cilia. This mechanism of lung defence is reliant upon a flowing mucus gel, and the major macromolecular components that determine the rheological properties of mucus are the polymeric mucins, MUC5AC and MUC5B. These large O-linked glycoproteins have direct roles in maintaining lung homeostasis. MUC5B is essential for interaction with the ciliary clearance system and MUC5AC is up-regulated in response to allergic inflammatory challenge. Mucus with abnormal biophysical properties is a feature of muco-obstructive respiratory disease and can result from many different mechanisms including alterations in mucin polymer assembly, mucin concentration and the macromolecular form in mucus, as well as changes in airway surface hydration, pH and ion composition. The abnormal mucus results in defective lung protection via compromised ciliary clearance, leading to infection and inflammation.