Black carbon (BC) of urban topsoil of steel industrial city (Anshan), Northeastern China: Concentration, source identification and environmental implication.
Black carbon (BC) of urban topsoil of steel industrial city (Anshan), Northeastern China: Concentration, source identification and environmental implication.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.097
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发表时间：
2016-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Zong;Qing Xiao;Shenggao Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Zong;Qing Xiao;Shenggao Lu
对中国东北部鞍山钢铁工业城市表层土壤和垂直剖面中的黑碳(BC)和总碳(TC)进行了测定。共采集了115个表层土壤样品和4个土壤剖面，采用化学氧化法测定了表层土壤中BC的含量。城市表层土壤BC含量在1.86~246.46 mg/kg−~(-1)之间，平均为33.86 mg/kg−~(-1)。城市表层土壤中BC的空间分布表明，城市北部的BC浓度较高，这与城市的钢铁产量是一致的。BC的分布因子(DF)在1000-500和500-250μm级分中最高，而在50-2μm级分中最低。2 5 0~5 0和5 0~2μm粒级土壤中BC的质量负载量占土壤全土的76.2%，说明这两个粒级对土壤中BC的积累有一定的作用。城市表层土壤中BC的富集度(EF)在0.92~122.01之间，平均为16.76，说明城市表层土壤中BC处于中度或重度累积状态。土壤中BC与重金属污染负荷指数(PLI)之间存在很强的相关性，表明土壤中BC和重金属的来源可能是相似的。土壤中BC/TC比值在0.45~0.97之间，平均为0.75。BC/TC比率显示了来自化石燃料燃烧和汽车尾气排放的BC的混合来源。BC浓度和BC/TC比值可以反映城市土壤的工业活动程度和污染源。研究表明，BC是反映城市土壤重金属污染程度和“热点”的有效指标。
Black carbon (BC) and total carbon (TC) concentrations in urban topsoils and vertical profiles from steel industrial city, Anshan, Northeastern China, were determined. A total of 115 topsoil samples and 4 soil profiles were collected, in which the BC concentrations were determined using chemical oxidation technique. The BC concentrations in urban topsoils are in the range of 1.86 to 246.46 g kg− 1with an average of 33.86 g kg− 1. Both BC and TC concentrations decrease sharply with soil depth, whereas BC/TC ratio shows a little variation with depth. The spatial distribution of BC in urban topsoils reveals that the BC concentration is much higher in the northern part of the city, which is consistent with the steel production. The distribution factors (DF) of BC are the highest in 1000–500 and 500–250 μm size fractions, while the lowest in 50–2 μm fraction. The mass loading of BC in 250–50 and 50–2 μm size fractions accounts for 76.2% of bulk soil, indicating these two size fractions responsible for BC accumulation in soils. Enrichment factor (EF) of BC in urban topsoils ranges from 0.92 to 122.01 with an average of 16.76, indicating that the urban topsoils studied are moderately or severely accumulated by the BC. Strong correlation is found between BC and pollution load index (PLI) of heavy metals, indicating the possibility of similar sources of BC and heavy metals in soils. The BC/TC ratio in soils ranges from 0.45 to 0.97, with an average of 0.75. The BC/TC ratio shows the mixed sources of BC derived from fossil fuel combustion and vehicle emissions. The BC concentration and BC/TC ratio may reflect the degree of industrial activities and pollution sources in urban soils. The study demonstrated that BC is an effective indicator of degree and “hotspots” of heavy metals pollution in urban soils.