More time to taste. Focus on "variability in responses and temporal coding of tastants of similar quality in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat".
More time to taste. Focus on "variability in responses and temporal coding of tastants of similar quality in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat".
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有更多时间去品尝。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.01285.2007
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Katz,DonaldB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verhagen,JustusV;Katz,DonaldB
味觉系统是理想的时间编码的调查，因为神经味觉反应是时间广泛的，往往难以区分单独的幅度。在这一问题上，Reissin等人表明，尖峰时间模式提供了一个必要的和有效的信息来源，否则几乎不可能区分类型内的口味对，如蔗糖和果糖，这都是甜的。然后作者超越了他们的基本分析，展示了脑干味觉时间编码的精确性。味觉编码的空间方面是大多数中枢神经系统味觉研究的中心焦点-研究人员一再表明，单个神经元对特定的味觉刺激子集做出反应（Erickson 1963; Scott和吉萨（2000年）和各种技术已经揭示了整个大脑区域的味觉激活地形图（Accola等人，2007; Chan等人，2004; Travers等人，1999）。根据这些数据出现的味觉编码的主要理论是空间理论，动物根据哪些神经元被激活以及激活的程度来知道舌头上的味道。然而，这些方案的一个主要问题是神经反应的试验与试验的可变性：神经元可能对一种味觉刺激反应最强烈（比如说，NaCl）在一个试验中，对另一种味觉刺激的反应更强烈（比如盐酸）在下一次试验中（Di Lorenzo and维克托2003; Jones et al. 2007; Lemon and Smith 2006）;这个问题对于在行为上可区分但属于同一类别的促味剂尤其严重（例如，蔗糖和果糖，它们都属于甜味类别）。这样的刺激对引起高度相似的神经响应幅度，因此仅基于尖峰计数是不可区分的。在这一期的《神经生理学杂志》上，安德烈·巴辛、帕特里夏·迪·洛伦佐、乔纳森·维克托和他的同事们表明，这个问题可以是
The taste system is ideal for investigations of temporal coding, because neural taste responses are time-extensive and often difficult to differentiate by magnitude alone. In this issue, Roussin et al show that spike-time patterning provides a necessary and efficient source of information about tastes that would be otherwise nearly impossible to discriminate—within-type pairs of tastes such as sucrose and fructose, which are both sweet. The authors then go beyond their basic analysis, showing the precision of brainstem taste temporal codes.The spatial aspect of taste coding is the central focus of most CNS gustatory research—researchers have repeatedly shown that individual neurons respond to particular subsets of taste stimuli (Erickson 1963; Scott and Giza 2000) and various techniques have revealed topographies of taste activation across entire brain regions (Accolla et al. 2007; Chan et al. 2004; Travers et al. 1999). The main theories of taste coding that have emerged in light of these data are spatial theories, whereby an animal knows what taste is on the tongue on the basis of which neurons are activated, and to what degree. A major problem for these schemes, however, is the trial-to-trial variability of neural responses: a neuron may respond most strongly to one taste stimulus (say, NaCl) in one trial, and respond more strongly to another taste stimulus (say, HCl) in the next trial (Di Lorenzo and Victor 2003; Jones et al. 2007; Lemon and Smith 2006); this problem is particularly acute for tastants that are behaviorally discriminable but that belong to the same category (for example, sucrose and fructose, which both belong to the sweet category). Such stimulus pairs evoke highly similar neural response amplitudes, and are therefore indistinguishable based on spike counts alone. In this issue of Journal of Neurophysiology, Andre Roussin, Patricia Di Lorenzo, Jonathan Victor, and colleagues show that this problem can be