Modeling low-carbon US electricity futures to explore impacts on national and regional water use
Modeling low-carbon US electricity futures to explore impacts on national and regional water use
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015004
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Mai, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clemmer, S.;Rogers, J.;Mai, T.
美国电力部门目前占能源相关二氧化碳排放量和发电厂冷却淡水总使用量的40%以上（EIA 2012a年度能源展望2012（华盛顿特区：美国能源部），Kenny等人2009年美国2005年用水估计（美国地质调查局通告第1344卷）（雷斯顿，弗吉尼亚州：美国地质调查局））。美国未来发电结构的变化将对水资源利用产生重要影响，特别是考虑到竞争需求和气候变化和可变性引起的水资源供应变化。然而，大多数用于电力部门长期预测的模型没有足够的区域细节来分析与水有关的影响，并为重要的电力和水相关决策提供信息。本文使用国家可再生能源实验室的区域能源部署系统（ReEDS）对全国范围内的低碳电力期货进行建模，用于计算全国用水量的变化（这里包含了一个关于用水量的样本结果）。该模型还生成了到2050年详细的次区域电力结果，这些结果可以与流域水位模型相关联。从水资源管理的角度来看，研究结果将提供足够的地理分辨率和细节。
The US electricity sector is currently responsible for more than 40% of both energy-related carbon dioxide emissions and total freshwater withdrawals for power plant cooling (EIA 2012a Annual Energy Outlook 2012 (Washington, DC: US Department of Energy), Kenny et al 2009 Estimated Use of Water in the United States 2005 (US Geological Survey Circular vol 1344) (Reston, VA: US Geological Survey)). Changes in the future electricity generation mix in the United States will have important implications for water use, particularly given the changing water availability arising from competing demands and climate change and variability. However, most models that are used to make long-term projections of the electricity sector do not have sufficient regional detail for analyzing water-related impacts and informing important electricity-and water-related decisions. This paper uses the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) to model a range of low-carbon electricity futures nationally that are used to calculate changes in national water use (a sample result, on water consumption, is included here). The model also produces detailed sub-regional electricity results through 2050 that can be linked with basin-level water modeling. The results will allow for sufficient geographic resolution and detail to be relevant from a water management perspective.