Language Proficiency, Parenting Styles, and Socioemotional Adjustment of Young Dual Language Learners
Language Proficiency, Parenting Styles, and Socioemotional Adjustment of Young Dual Language Learners
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DOI：
10.1177/0022022119867394
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Uchikoshi, Yuuko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chung, Sara;Zhou, Qing;Uchikoshi, Yuuko
双语学习者（DLL）占美国所有儿童的32%。过去的研究表明，在一个传统的语言（HL）的熟练程度与学龄儿童和青少年更好的心理适应，但HL和英语（EL）的熟练程度与学龄前DLLs的社会情绪适应的协会仍然研究不足。这项研究包括一个样本的低收入墨西哥和中国移民家庭与学龄前儿童的DLL（N = 90）。使用语言测试评估儿童的HL和EL表达。父母评价自己的文化取向，教养方式，和儿童的社会情绪调整。儿童表达的愤怒/沮丧和悲伤的情绪唤起任务观察。路径分析被用来检验（a）儿童的语言水平和英语水平以及父母的美国文化取向和传统文化取向与父母教养方式的独特关系，以及（B）父母教养方式与儿童适应的关系。结果表明，儿童的表达HL熟练程度和父母的美国和传统文化取向与权威的父母，这反过来又与儿童的较低的外化问题和较高的亲社会行为呈正相关。儿童的表达性EL与父母使用专制养育方式呈负相关，表达性和接受性HL与儿童表达悲伤呈负相关。这些结果表明，儿童的HL发展和父母的主机和遗产的文化取向与社会情感的好处，年轻的DLL在低收入移民家庭长大。
Dual language learners (DLLs) make up 32% of all children in the United States. Past research showed that proficiency in a heritage language (HL) was associated with better psychological adjustment in school-aged children and adolescents, but the associations of HL and English (EL) proficiency with preschool-aged DLLs' socioemotional adjustment remain understudied. This study included a sample of low-income Mexican and Chinese immigrant families with preschool-aged DLLs (N = 90). Children's HL and EL proficiencies were assessed using language tests. Parents rated their own cultural orientations, parenting styles, and children's socioemotional adjustment. Children's expressed anger/frustration and sadness were observed from an emotion-evoking task. Path analyses were conducted to test (a) the unique relations of children's HL and EL proficiency and parents' American and heritage cultural orientations to parenting styles, and (b) the relations of parenting styles to children's adjustment. Results showed that children's expressive HL proficiency and parents' American and heritage cultural orientations were positively associated with authoritative parenting, which in turn was associated with children's lower externalizing problems and higher prosocial behaviors. Children's expressive EL was negatively associated with parents' use of authoritarian parenting, and both expressive and receptive HL were negatively associated with children's expressed sadness. These results indicate that children's HL development and parents' host and heritage cultural orientations are associated with socioemotional benefits for young DLLs growing up in low-income immigrant families.