Effect of Temperature on Host Preference in Two Lineages of the Brown Dog Tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Effect of Temperature on Host Preference in Two Lineages of the Brown Dog Tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.20-1376
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发表时间：
2021-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Foley, Janet E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Backus, Laura H.;Perez, Andres M. Lopez;Foley, Janet E.
血红扇头蜱伊萨一种蜱类复合体，在世界范围内传播疾病。该复合体的成员主要以狗为食，偶尔也以人类为食，可能传播疾病病原体，如立克次体、康氏立克次体和埃立克体。有两种基因型Rh。sanguineus谱系在北美，被指定为温带和热带谱系，这发生在离散的位置，虽然现在在加州和亚利桑那州的部分地区有范围重叠。Rh.据报道，欧洲的血红菌在炎热的天气里对人类更具攻击性，增加了病原体传播给人类的风险。本研究的目的是评估炎热天气对热带和温带血统Rh之间的人和狗宿主选择的影响。血红的个体在室内（23.5摄氏度）或高温（38摄氏度）的试验中，两种选择嗅觉计中的蜱虫向狗或人迁移。在38摄氏度下，热带血统的成年人选择人类的数量是室温的2.5倍，而温带血统的成年人对狗的偏好减少了66%，对人类的偏好略有增加。在这两个谱系中，在38摄氏度下选择宿主的数量比在室温下少。这些结果表明，在炎热的天气期间，疾病传播给人类的风险可能会增加，其中任何一个谱系都存在，与气候变化相关的炎热天气事件可能会导致更频繁的立克次体病暴发。
Rhipicephalus sanguineus isa species complex of ticks that vector disease worldwide. Feeding primarily on dogs, members of the complex also feed incidentally on humans, potentially transmitting disease agents such as Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia conorii, and Ehrlichia species. There are two genetic Rh. sanguineus lineages in North America, designated as the temperate and tropical lineages, which had occurred in discrete locations, although there is now range overlap in parts of California and Arizona. Rh. sanguineus in Europe are reportedly more aggressive toward humans during hot weather, increasing the risk of pathogen transmission to humans. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of hot weather on choice between humans and dog hosts among tropical and temperate lineage Rh. sanguineus individuals. Ticks in a two-choice olfactometer migrated toward a dog or human in trials at room (23.5 degrees C) or high temperature (38 degrees C). At 38 degrees C, 2.5 times more tropical lineage adults chose humans compared with room temperature, whereas temperate lineage adults demonstrated a 66% reduction in preference for dogs anda slight increase in preference for humans. Fewer nymphs chose either host at 38 degrees C than at room temperature in both lineages. These results demonstrate that risk of disease transmission to humans may be increased during periods of hot weather, where either lineage is present, and that hot weather events associated with climatic change may result in more frequent rickettsial disease outbreaks.