Evaluation on cultivated land ecological security based on the PSR model and matter element analysis
Evaluation on cultivated land ecological security based on the PSR model and matter element analysis
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DOI：
10.5846/stxb201209191319
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
张蕊 Zhang Rui;郑华伟 Zheng Huawei;刘友兆 Liu Youzhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
张蕊 Zhang Rui;郑华伟 Zheng Huawei;刘友兆 Liu Youzhao
耕地生态安全评价是提高农田生态系统安全和耕地可持续利用的重要基础。针对目前大多数综合评价中存在的信息不对称和主观性问题，作者对耕地生态安全进行了界定，构建了基于压力-状态-响应（PSR）模型的评价指标体系，然后采用物元分析和改进熵值法对我国耕地生态安全进行了评价。结果表明：（1）耕地生态安全1996-2010年我国土地从极度安全逐步向较安全提升,但2010年“较安全”相关性极弱;(2)耕地生态安全改善的关键制约因素包括单位耕地化肥负荷、人均耕地、单位耕地农药负荷、土地复垦率、水土流失等。要持续改善耕地生态安全,应转变经济发展方式、加强土地利用监管。加强管理，减少经济增长对土地资源的过度消耗；大力发展绿色农业，农药化肥按需施用；加强农村土地整治和高标准基本农田建设，加大环境保护力度，有效控制水土流失。基于PSR模型的评价指标体系能够准确反映农田生态系统各要素之间的关系，而物元分析可以揭示各单项指标的差异信息和综合评价的中间信息，发现耕地生态系统中的具体问题。因此，评价指标体系和物元分析适合评价耕地生态安全。
Evaluation on cultivated land ecological security is a significant foundation for improving the security of farmland ecosystems and the sustainable use of cultivated land.To solve the problem of asymmetric information and subjectivity in most integrated evaluations,the authors define the cultivated land ecological security,construct an evaluation index system based on the Pressure-State-Response(PSR) model,and then conduct an evaluation of the ecological security of cultivated land in China by the matter element analysis and the improved entropy method.The results show:(1) The ecological security of cultivated land in China was gradually improved from critically safe to safer from 1996 to 2010,but the correlation of "safer" was extremely weak in 2010;(2) Crucial constraints on the improvement of cultivated land ecological security include fertilizer load per unit of cultivated land,per capita cultivated land,pesticide load per unit of cultivated land,land reclamation rate,and soil erosion.For the cultivated land ecological security to be continuously improved,the economic development pattern should be transformed,land use supervision and management strengthened,and excessive consumption of land resources for economic growth reduced;green agriculture should be vigorously developed,pesticides and fertilizers applied only as needed;rural land consolidation and high-standard basic farmland construction should be strengthened,environmental protection intensified,and soil erosion effectively controlled.The evaluation index system based on the PSR model can accurately reflect the relationship between various elements of the farmland ecosystems,while the matter element analysis can reveal differentiation information of every single indicator and intermediate information of comprehensive evaluation,discovering specific problems in cultivated land ecological security.Therefore,the evaluation index system and the matter element analysis are suitable to assess the cultivated land ecological security.