Physical Activity Differentially Affects the Cecal Microbiota of Ovariectomized Female Rats Selectively Bred for High and Low Aerobic Capacity.
Physical Activity Differentially Affects the Cecal Microbiota of Ovariectomized Female Rats Selectively Bred for High and Low Aerobic Capacity.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0136150
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Swanson KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu TW;Park YM;Holscher HD;Padilla J;Scroggins RJ;Welly R;Britton SL;Koch LG;Vieira-Potter VJ;Swanson KS
肠道微生物群被认为是肥胖和相关代谢疾病的相关因素，绝经后妇女尤其面临风险。增加身体活动已被认为是预防或治疗肥胖的有效方法，但身体活动对微生物群的影响仍未得到充分研究。我们研究了自愿运动对卵巢切除（OVX）高容量（HCR）和低容量运行（LCR）大鼠的宿主代谢和肠道菌群的影响。将HCR和LCR大鼠（年龄= 27周）进行OVX，并随意喂食高脂肪饮食（45%千卡脂肪），并将其饲养在配备（运动，EX）或不配备（久坐，SED）转轮的笼中11周（n = 7-8/组）。我们假设，增加体力活动会阻碍体重增加，增加代谢健康，并改变LCR大鼠的微生物群，导致其种群与HCR大鼠更相似。比较动物的特征性代谢参数，包括身体组成，脂质分布和能量消耗;而收集盲肠肌用于DNA提取。进行基于16 S rRNA基因的扩增子Illumina MiSeq测序，然后使用QIIME 1.8.0进行分析以评估盲肠微生物群。自愿运动降低了LCR大鼠的体重和脂肪量，并使其空腹NEFA浓度正常化，尽管跑步距离只有HCR大鼠的三分之一。然而，运动增加了HCR大鼠的摄食量、体重增加和脂肪量。运动聚集了LCR大鼠的肠道微生物群落，将它们与其他组分开。特定分类群的评估揭示了运动相互作用的显著性（p<0.05），包括厚壁菌门、变形菌门和蓝细菌的丰度的变化。HCR组中Christensenellaceae的相对丰度高于LCR组（p = 0.026），且与摄食量、体重和跑步距离呈正相关（p<0.05）。这些研究结果表明，运动对没有卵巢功能的雌性HCR和LCR大鼠的宿主代谢和肠道微生物群落有不同的影响。
The gut microbiota is considered a relevant factor in obesity and associated metabolic diseases, for which postmenopausal women are particularly at risk. Increasing physical activity has been recognized as an efficacious approach to prevent or treat obesity, yet the impact of physical activity on the microbiota remains under-investigated. We examined the impacts of voluntary exercise on host metabolism and gut microbiota in ovariectomized (OVX) high capacity (HCR) and low capacity running (LCR) rats. HCR and LCR rats (age = 27wk) were OVX and fed a high-fat diet (45% kcal fat) ad libitum and housed in cages equipped with (exercise, EX) or without (sedentary, SED) running wheels for 11wk (n = 7-8/group). We hypothesized that increased physical activity would hinder weight gain, increase metabolic health and shift the microbiota of LCR rats, resulting in populations more similar to that of HCR rats. Animals were compared for characteristic metabolic parameters including body composition, lipid profile and energy expenditure; whereas cecal digesta were collected for DNA extraction. 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon Illumina MiSeq sequencing was performed, followed by analysis using QIIME 1.8.0 to assess cecal microbiota. Voluntary exercise decreased body and fat mass, and normalized fasting NEFA concentrations of LCR rats, despite only running one-third the distance of HCR rats. Exercise, however, increased food intake, weight gain and fat mass of HCR rats. Exercise clustered the gut microbial community of LCR rats, which separated them from the other groups. Assessments of specific taxa revealed significant (p<0.05) line by exercise interactions including shifts in the abundances of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria. Relative abundance of Christensenellaceae family was higher (p = 0.026) in HCR than LCR rats, and positively correlated (p<0.05) with food intake, body weight and running distance. These findings demonstrate that exercise differentially impacts host metabolism and gut microbial communities of female HCR and LCR rats without ovarian function.