Critical phenomena in complex contagions
Critical phenomena in complex contagions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socnet.2012.02.003
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Macy, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barash, Vladimir;Cameron, Christopher;Macy, Michael
为什么有些传染病会“像病毒一样传播”，而另一些则不会？关于“小世界”网络的研究（Watts和Strogatz，1998年）表明，在集群之间架起一座桥梁的极少数长距离联系，如何能够使传染病几乎像在一个密度相等的随机网络上一样迅速传播。最近的研究表明，加速信息和疾病传播的长距离关系如何阻碍复杂传染病的传播-通过与多个收养者接触传播的行为，信仰和偏好（Centola和Macy，2007）。通过分析确认这一结果，并将分析从小世界扩展到幂律网络，我们发现复杂的传染需要临界数量的受感染节点，这对应于传染能力的相变，以利用长距离关系创建的“捷径”。我们展示了这个临界质量是如何与传染过程的动态相关的，并确定了通过社会影响传播的行为，如病毒式营销和社会运动的影响。(c)出版社：Elsevier B. V.
Why do some contagions "go viral" and others do not? Research on "small world" networks (Watts and Strogatz, 1998) shows how a very small number of long-range ties that bridge between clusters can allow contagions to spread almost as rapidly as on a random network of equal density. Recent research shows how long-range ties that accelerate the spread of information and disease can impede the spread of complex contagions-behaviors, beliefs and preferences that diffuse via contact with multiple adopters (Centola and Macy, 2007). In confirming this result analytically and extending the analysis from small world to power law networks, we discovered that complex contagions require a critical mass of infected nodes that corresponds to a phase transition in the ability of the contagion to take advantage of the "shortcuts" created by long-range ties. We demonstrate how this critical mass is related to the dynamics of the contagion process and identify implications for modeling behaviors that spread via social influence, such as viral marketing and social movements. (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V.