Activation of the Multicontext model in a field-based program for traditionally underserved students

Activation of the Multicontext model in a field-based program for traditionally underserved students
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在针对传统上服务不足的学生的实地项目中激活多情境模型

DOI:
10.1080/10899995.2020.1838850
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Stroud, Wesley A.
Stroud, Wesley A.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pfeifer, Lily S.;Soreghan, Michael J.;Feille, Kelly K.;Soreghan, Gerilyn S.;Weissmann, Gary S.;Ibarra, Robert A.;Stroud, Wesley A.

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本文介绍了我们的多年期NSF-IRES项目的成果:为期四周的野外暑期项目,包括美国本科生地球科学队列的参与和指导,以发展沉积地质学方面的知识和技能,同时沉浸在国际研究合作中。我们项目的学生参与者主要是第一代大学生,他们大多来自STEM历史上代表性不足的群体,而且大多数人都有“高背景”取向。学术文化(特别是在STEM)倾向于采用“低情境”的科学探究方法(任务导向、线性、个性化),但许多学生带来了不同的文化价值观,这些价值观来自个人或基于社区的体验,而这些体验往往是较高情境(面向过程、系统思维、综合)。在这里,我们讨论了激活多背景模式--一个承认并包括更广泛的“知道和做”的模式--如何带来可测量的进步,特别是对于背景较高的学生,从项目的第一年到第二年,在领域和分析能力以及学生参与度方面的自我效能感。为了平衡文化框架,实地课程中的具体实施包括(1)在实地工作之前进行非线性的、学习周期结构的定向,明确地在早期引入研究目标,并促进科学探究和点对点互动;(2)在实地工作期间进行频繁的讨论,以将现场测量等低背景任务置于更广泛的背景中;以及(3)预定义的微型项目选项,允许学生作为一名科学家在这种经历中设定个人成长意图。与NSF IRES类似的项目的领导人支持STEM研究中来自代表性不足群体的本科生,他们可能会通过认识和适应更广泛的基于文化的学习视角来提高项目质量、学生参与度和包容性。这项研究代表了多重语境系统中的一小部分,用于重新定义和扩大多样性和包容性--这一理论对整个学术文化具有广泛的影响。
This paper presents results from our multi-year NSF-IRES program: a four-week, field-based summer program involving the participation and mentorship of U.S. undergraduate geoscience cohorts to develop knowledge and skills in sedimentary geology while immersed in an international research collaboration. Student participants in our program are predominantly first-generation college students, largely from historically underrepresented groups in STEM, and most have a “high context” orientation. Academic culture (especially in STEM) tends to favor the “low-context” approach of scientific inquiry (task-oriented, linear, individuated), but many students bring different cultural values from personal or community-based experiences that tend to be higher-context (process-oriented, systems-thinking, integrated). Herein we discuss how activating a Multicontext model—one that recognizes and includes a broader spectrum of “knowing and doing”—resulted in measurable advances, especially for higher-context students, from the first to second year of the program in terms of self-efficacy in field and analytical competencies, as well as in student engagement. To balance cultural frameworks, specific implementations in the field curriculum included (1) a non-linear, learning cycle-structured orientation prior to fieldwork that clearly introduces research objectives early, and promotes scientific inquiry and peer-to-peer interaction, (2) frequent discussions during fieldwork to place low-context tasks such as making field measurements into a broader context, and (3) a pre-defined mini-project option that allows students to set an individual intent for growth as a scientist in this experience. Leaders of similar programs to NSF IRES that support undergraduate students from underrepresented groups in STEM research might enhance program quality, student engagement, and inclusivity by recognizing and adapting to a broader spectrum of culturally-based learning perspectives. This study represents a small segment within the Multicontext system for redefining and expanding diversity and inclusion—a theory that has broad implications for the entirety of academic culture.
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