NASA’s Advanced Cryocooler Technology Development Program (ACTDP)
NASA’s Advanced Cryocooler Technology Development Program (ACTDP)
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DOI：
10.1063/1.2202466
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发表时间：
2006-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Ross;D. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Ross;D. Johnson
多年来，美国宇航局开发了各种各样的新型制冷机技术，因为它们代表了地球和空间科学任务的重要实现能力。最近的成就包括50 - 80k斯特林，脉管和布雷顿飞行制冷机，以及温度低至10K的多级开发模型制冷机。NASA目前最大的技术推动是在4到6K的温度范围内。诸如詹姆斯网络太空望远镜、类地行星发现者和未来几代太空望远镜等任务，计划使用工作在4到6K之间的红外探测器。类似地，未来的x射线和微波任务计划使用在毫开尔文温度下工作的微热量计和辐射热计，并将需要4-6 K的冷却来预冷却他们的亚开尔文冰箱。为了解决这些下一代任务的制冷机开发问题，美国宇航局于2001年启动了先进制冷机技术开发计划（ACTDP）。从那时起，该计划已经完成了三个混合脉冲管和斯特林制冷机概念的详细设计和开发模型硬件，用于冷却到4-18 K。本文概述了ACTDP计划，包括计划目标和时间表，并总结了目前正在制作和测试的三个设计概念的出色进展。多年来，美国宇航局开发了各种各样的新型制冷机技术，因为它们代表了地球和空间科学任务的重要实现能力。最近的成就包括50 - 80k斯特林，脉管和布雷顿飞行制冷机，以及温度低至10K的多级开发模型制冷机。NASA目前最大的技术推动是在4到6K的温度范围内。诸如詹姆斯网络太空望远镜、类地行星发现者和未来几代太空望远镜等任务，计划使用工作在4到6K之间的红外探测器。类似地，未来的x射线和微波任务计划使用在毫开尔文温度下工作的微热量计和辐射热计，并将需要4-6 K的冷却来预冷却他们的亚开尔文冰箱。为了解决这些下一代任务的制冷机开发问题，美国宇航局于2001年启动了先进制冷机技术开发计划（ACTDP）。从那时起，该计划已经完成了详细的…
Over the years, NASA has developed a wide variety of new cryocooler technologies, as they represent a significant enabling capability for both Earth and space‐science missions. Recent achievements include 50–80 K Stirling, pulse tube, and Brayton flight cryocoolers, and multistage development‐model coolers at temperatures down to 10K. The largest technology push within NASA right now is in the temperature range of 4 to 6K. Missions such as the James Web Space Telescope, Terrestrial Planet Finder, and future generations of space telescopes, plan to use infrared detectors operating between 4 and 6K. Similarly, future x‐ray and microwave missions plan to use microcalorimeters and bolometers operating at milli‐Kelvin temperatures and will require 4–6 K cooling to precool their sub‐Kelvin refrigerators. To address cryocooler development for these next‐generation missions, NASA initiated the Advanced Cryocooler Technology Development Program (ACTDP) in 2001. Since that time, the program has completed detailed designs and development‐model hardware of three hybrid pulse tube and Stirling cryocooler concepts for cooling to 4–18 K. This paper presents an overview of the ACTDP program including programmatic objectives and timelines, and summarizes the excellent progress of the three design concepts being fabricated and tested at this time.Over the years, NASA has developed a wide variety of new cryocooler technologies, as they represent a significant enabling capability for both Earth and space‐science missions. Recent achievements include 50–80 K Stirling, pulse tube, and Brayton flight cryocoolers, and multistage development‐model coolers at temperatures down to 10K. The largest technology push within NASA right now is in the temperature range of 4 to 6K. Missions such as the James Web Space Telescope, Terrestrial Planet Finder, and future generations of space telescopes, plan to use infrared detectors operating between 4 and 6K. Similarly, future x‐ray and microwave missions plan to use microcalorimeters and bolometers operating at milli‐Kelvin temperatures and will require 4–6 K cooling to precool their sub‐Kelvin refrigerators. To address cryocooler development for these next‐generation missions, NASA initiated the Advanced Cryocooler Technology Development Program (ACTDP) in 2001. Since that time, the program has completed detailed d...