Twenty years of t-loops: A case study for the importance of collaboration in molecular biology.

Twenty years of t-loops: A case study for the importance of collaboration in molecular biology.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102901
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发表时间:
2020-10
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Griffith JD
Griffith JD
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tomáška Ľ;Cesare AJ;AlTurki TM;Griffith JD

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合作研究为取得突破打开了大门,这些突破是任何一个实验室单独都无法实现的。在此,我们描述了格里菲斯实验室和德朗格实验室之间的初步合作,这一合作促使人们将端粒视为同源重组的DNA模板,提出了端粒环化的设想,并获得了t -环的首张电子显微照片。随后的合作揭示了真核生物各类群中的t -环。格里菲斯与托马斯卡/诺塞克的合作揭示了源自非常规酵母线性线粒体染色体的环形端粒DNA(t -环),这推动了在ALT阳性人类细胞中发现t -环。格里菲斯实验室和麦克埃亨实验室之间的合作研究证明了一系列酵母物种中存在t -环和t -环。随后,德朗格实验室和庄小威实验室应用超分辨光学显微镜证明了TRF2在环形成中的遗传作用。格里菲斯实验室最近的研究将端粒转录与t -环形成联系起来,为t -环连接提供了一个新模型。切萨雷实验室和高斯实验室最近的一项合作利用超分辨光学显微镜提供了有关t -环作为保护元件的细节,随后博尔顿实验室和切萨雷实验室展示了TRF2和RTEL的细胞周期调控如何使t -环打开和重新形成以促进端粒复制。在t -环被发现20年后,我们回顾其研究的集体历史,将其作为合作分子生物学的一个案例研究。
Collaborative studies open doors to breakthroughs otherwise unattainable by any one laboratory alone. Here we describe the initial collaboration between the Griffith and de Lange laboratories that led to thinking about the telomere as a DNA template for homologous recombination, the proposal of telomere looping, and the first electron micrographs of t-loops. This was followed by collaborations that revealed t-loops across eukaryotic phyla. The Griffith and Tomáška/Nosek collaboration revealed circular telomeric DNA (t-circles) derived from the linear mitochondrial chromosomes of nonconventional yeast, which spurred discovery of t-circles in ALT-positive human cells. Collaborative work between the Griffith and McEachern labs demonstrated t-loops and t-circles in a series of yeast species. The de Lange and Zhuang laboratories then applied super-resolution light microscopy to demonstrate a genetic role for TRF2 in loop formation. Recent work from the Griffith laboratory linked telomere transcription with t-loop formation, providing a new model of the t-loop junction. A recent collaboration between the Cesare and Gaus laboratories utilized super-resolution light microscopy to provide details about t-loops as protective elements, followed by the Boulton and Cesare laboratories showing how cell cycle regulation of TRF2 and RTEL enables t-loop opening and reformation to promote telomere replication. Twenty years after the discovery of t-loops, we reflect on the collective history of their research as a case study in collaborative molecular biology.
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