Testing of CO2 Specifications With Respect to Corrosion and Bulk Phase Reactions
Testing of CO2 Specifications With Respect to Corrosion and Bulk Phase Reactions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.277
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Dugstad;M. Halseid;Bjørn H. Morland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Dugstad;M. Halseid;Bjørn H. Morland
捕获的人为CO2含有杂质，当杂质浓度超过杂质组合变得热力学不稳定的限度时，这些杂质可能反应并形成固体和分离腐蚀相。一些暂定的CO2质量标准和最大可接受杂质浓度的建议已经公布。这些建议包括杂质组合和杂质水平，这些杂质组合和杂质水平在已公布的正在运行或已经运行的管道的CO2规格中没有发现。缺乏现场经验和缺乏支持这些规范的已发表实验室数据是一个问题。实验用含有300 ppmv水、350 ppmv O2、100 ppmv SO2、100 ppmv NO2和100 ppmv H2S的密相CO2进行。将CO2和杂质连续注入试验高压灭菌器中，并测量杂质的消耗速率。实验表明，碳钢发生腐蚀，元素硫与含硫酸和硝酸的液相一起形成。本文讨论了四个高压釜实验的实验技术和结果。本文还讨论了如何缺乏基础数据和理解，使其难以预测腐蚀速率，并确定一个安全的操作窗口，从不同来源的不同污染物的浓相CO2的运输。
Captured anthropogenic CO2contains impurities that might react and form solids and separate corrosive phases when the impurity concentrations exceed the limit where the impurity combination becomes thermodynamically unstable. A number of tentative CO2specifications and recommendations for the maximum acceptable impurity concentrations have been published. The recommendations include impurity combinations and impurity levels that are not found in the published CO2specifications for pipelines that are or have been in operation. The lack of field experience and the lack of published lab data that support these specifications are a concern.The most referred recommendations have been challenged in the present work. Experiments were performed with dense phase CO2containing 300 ppmv water, 350 ppmv O2, 100 ppmv SO2, 100 ppmv NO2 and 100 ppmv H2S. The CO2and the impurities were continuously injected in the test autoclaves and the consumption rate of the impurities was measured. The experiments showed that the carbon steel corroded and that elemental sulfur formed together with a liquid phase containing sulfuric and nitric acid.The paper discusses the experimental technique and the results obtained in four autoclave experiments. The paper also discusses how the lack of fundamental data and understanding makes it difficult to predict corrosion rates and define a safe operation window for transport of dense phase CO2originating from different sources with different contaminants.