COVID-19: Testing the Limits of Human Rights
COVID-19: Testing the Limits of Human Rights
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DOI：
10.1017/err.2020.27
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发表时间：
2020-04-07
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
SPADARO A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SPADARO A
法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙（Emmanuel Macron）宣布了一系列积极措施，以遏制COVID-19大流行的蔓延。[1]美国总统唐纳德·特朗普曾提到“对看不见的敌人的战争”和“前线”的医护人员，[2]其他政治领导人想要强调这种情况的特殊性，也求助于战争隐喻。[3]根据这种说法，甚至有人建议，为了《北大西洋公约》第5条的目的，应将这次爆发定为武装攻击。4.事实上，对这一流行病采取的类似战争的反应的特点是采取了严重限制个人自由的措施，其程度在和平时期的民主国家中是前所未有的。虽然各国采取不同形式，但所采取的措施主要旨在加强人群之间的社交距离，以尽量减少导致COVID-19的新型冠状病毒的人际传播。因此，全世界数十亿人被置于某种封锁之下。5联合国人权事务高级专员和其他人权专家对这些措施对人权的影响表示关切。6.这种担心并非没有根据，因为限制
“Nous somme en guerre”, proclaimed French President Emmanuel Macron, announcing a series of aggressive measures to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. 1 References to “a war against the invisible enemy” and healthcare workers on the “frontline” have been made by US President Donald Trump, 2 and other political leaders wanting to underscore the exceptional nature of the situation have also had recourse to war metaphors. 3 In line with this rhetoric, it was even suggested that the outbreak should be designated as an armed attack for the purposes of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty. 4 Indeed, the war-like responses to the pandemic have been characterised by the taking of measures severely limiting the enjoyment of personal freedoms, to an extent that was unprecedented in democratic countries in times of peace. While taking different forms in various countries, the measures adopted broadly aim at enforcing social distancing among the population so as to minimise the human-to-human transmission of the new coronavirus that causes COVID-19. As a consequence, billions of people around the world have been put under some sort of lockdown. 5 Concerns about the impact of such measures on human rights have been raised by the United Nations (UN) High Commissioner for Human Rights and other human rights experts. 6 Such concerns are not unfounded, as measures restricting the