Study of ultrafine particles near a major highway with heavy-duty diesel traffic
Study of ultrafine particles near a major highway with heavy-duty diesel traffic
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DOI：
10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00354-0
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Sioutas, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu, YF;Hinds, WC;Sioutas, C
机动车排放物通常是城市环境中超细颗粒物（直径< 0.1 pm）的最重要来源。Zhu等人（J. Air Waste Manage.相关人员：2002年，接受出版）进行了系统的测量的浓度和超细颗粒的尺寸分布在附近的高速公路占主导地位的汽油车。本研究将这些先前的测量结果与洛杉矶710号州际高速公路上的测量结果进行了比较。选择710高速公路是因为超过25%的车辆是重型柴油卡车。分别用凝聚粒子计数器和扫描迁移率粒度仪测量了粒径范围为6 ~ 220 nm的粒子数浓度和粒径分布。在距高速公路中心17、20、30、90、150和300米的下风处和200米的上风处进行测量。在每个采样点，一氧化碳（CO）和黑碳（BC）的浓度也分别由Dasibi CO监测仪和Aethalometer测量。17 m处CO、BC和总颗粒数浓度的平均浓度范围分别为1.9-2.6 ppm、20.3-24.8 μ g/m3、1.8 × 10（5）-3.5 × 10（5）/cm 3。CO、BC和颗粒物数量的相对浓度呈指数下降，并随着远离高速公路而相互跟踪。大气扩散和凝结似乎有助于颗粒数浓度的快速下降和粒径分布的变化，随着距离的增加，从高速公路。抽样期间的平均交通流量为12，180辆/小时，其中超过25%的车辆为重型柴油卡车。在300米的高速公路下风处测得的超细颗粒物数浓度是无法区分的逆风背景浓度。这些数据可用于估计主要高速公路附近的超细颗粒暴露。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Motor vehicle emissions usually constitute the most significant source of ultrafine particles (diameter < 0.1 pm) in an urban environment. Zhu et al. (J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 2002, accepted for publication) conducted systematic measurements of the concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles in the vicinity of a highway dominated by gasoline vehicle. The present study compares these previous measurements with those made on Interstate 710 freeway in Los Angeles. The 710 freeway was selected because more than 25% of the vehicles are heavy-duty diesel trucks. Particle number concentration and size distribution in the size range from 6 to 220 nm were measured by a condensation particle counter and a scanning mobility particle sizer, respectively. Measurements were taken at 17, 20, 30, 90, 150, and 300 m downwind and 200 m upwind from the center of the freeway. At each sampling location, concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and black carbon (BC) were also measured by a Dasibi CO monitor and an Aethalometer, respectively. The range of average concentration of CO, BC and total particle number concentration at 17 m was 1.9-2.6 ppm, 20.3-24.8 mug/m(3), 1.8 x 10(5)-3.5 x 10(5)/cm(3), respectively. Relative concentration of CO, BC and particle number decreased exponentially and tracked each other well as one moves away from the freeway. Both atmospheric dispersion and coagulation appears to contribute to the rapid decrease in particle number concentration and change in particle size distribution with increasing distance from the freeway. Average traffic flow during the sampling periods was 12,180 vehicles/h with more than 25% of vehicles being heavy-duty diesel trucks. Ultrafine particle number concentration measured at 300 m downwind from the freeway was indistinguishable from upwind background concentration. These data may be used to estimate exposure to ultrafine particles in the vicinity of major highways. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.