cGMP and ethylene are involved in maintaining ion homeostasis under salt stress in Arabidopsis roots
cGMP and ethylene are involved in maintaining ion homeostasis under salt stress in Arabidopsis roots
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DOI：
10.1007/s00299-013-1545-8
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Wang, Jue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Jisheng;Jia, Honglei;Wang, Jue
关键信息cGMP促进乙烯的产生并增强对乙烯的感知。内源乙烯或cGMP积累维持离子稳态以增强抗盐性。etr 1 - 3在盐胁迫下对cGMP不敏感，本研究构建了拟南芥根抗盐途径中乙烯和cGMP信号网络。结果表明，乙烯不敏感突变体etr 1 -3对盐胁迫的敏感性高于野生型。etr 1 -3在不同NaCl浓度下，电解质渗漏率、硫代巴比妥酸活性物质和Na+/K+比值均高于WT，但质膜H+-ATPase活性低于WT。应用1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸（ACC，乙烯前体）或8-Br-cGMP（cGMP类似物）减轻NaCl诱导的损伤，保持较低的Na+/K+比和增加PM H+-ATP酶活性在WT中，但不是在etr 1 -3。8-Br-cGMP处理小麦根系可促进乙烯的产生，并增强ACC合成酶基因的表达。此外，乙烯生物合成抑制剂氨氧乙酸（aminoxyacetic acid，AM）可抑制NaCl胁迫下的8-Br-cGMP作用，而鸟苷酸环化酶抑制剂Ly 83583（6-Anilino-5，8-quinolinedione，Ly 83583）对ACC作用无影响。这些结果表明，乙烯作为cGMP的下游信号，刺激PM H+-ATP酶的活性，最终导致调节离子稳态拟南芥耐盐。此外，cGMP增强了盐胁迫下拟南芥对乙烯的感知，从而逆转了盐诱导的ETR 1的增加，并在转录水平上增加了WT中的ERF 1。总之，cGMP通过调控拟南芥根系乙烯的生物合成和感受来调节乙烯的耐盐途径。
Key message cGMP promotes ethylene production and enhances the perception of ethylene. Endogenous ethylene or cGMP accumulation maintains ion homeostasis to enhancing salt resistance. etr1 - 3 is insensitive to cGMP under salt stress.In the present study, we presented a signaling network involving ethylene and cGMP in salt resistance pathway of Arabidopsis roots. Results showed that the ethylene-insensitive mutant etr1-3 was more sensitive to salt stress than the wild type (WT). etr1-3 displayed a greater electrolyte leakage, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and Na+/K+ ratio, but a lower plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity compared to WT under the different NaCl contents. Application of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC, an ethylene precursor) or 8-Br-cGMP (the cGMP analog) alleviated NaCl-induced injury by maintaining a lower Na+/K+ ratio and increasing PM H+-ATPase activity in WT, but not in etr1-3. Roots treated with 8-Br-cGMP could promote ethylene production and enhance the expression of ACC synthase gene in WT. In addition, the 8-Br-cGMP action in NaCl stress was inhibited by aminooxyacetic acid (an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis), but 6-Anilino-5,8-quinolinedione (Ly83583, a guanylate cyclase inhibitor) could not affect ACC action in WT. These results suggest that ethylene functions as a downstream signal of cGMP that stimulates the PM H+-ATPase activity, which finally results in regulating ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis tolerance to salt. Moreover, cGMP enhanced the perception of ethylene in Arabidopsis under salt stress, which reversed the salt-induced increase of ETR1 and increased ERF1 at the transcript levels in WT. In a word, cGMP modulates salt resistance pathway of ethylene through regulating biosynthesis and perception of ethylene in Arabidopsis roots.