Reactive oxygen species, nutrition, hypoxia and diseases: Problems solved?
Reactive oxygen species, nutrition, hypoxia and diseases: Problems solved?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.016
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Kietzmann T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Görlach A;Dimova EY;Petry A;Martínez-Ruiz A;Hernansanz-Agustín P;Rolo AP;Palmeira CM;Kietzmann T
在过去的二十年里，人们对活性氧 (ROS) 的看法发生了变化。它们不再仅仅被认为是有害的，而且对于从细菌到哺乳动物等不同生物体的细胞通讯和体内平衡也是必需的。在后者中，ROS 被证明可以调节多种生理过程，包括生长因子信号传导、缺氧反应、炎症和免疫反应的调节。在过去的 60 到 100 年里，生活方式（至少在西方世界）发生了巨大的变化。随着热量摄入的增加、能量消耗的减少以及酗酒和吸烟的出现，这一点变得明显；这些变化被证明有助于ROS的产生，而ROS至少部分与肥胖、动脉粥样硬化、II型糖尿病和癌症等多种慢性疾病的发生有关。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了细胞内 ROS 形成和营养的作用以及与疾病及其有问题的治疗问题的联系的方面和问题。氧化应激与营养过剩、肥胖和相关疾病或癌症有关。活性氧（ROS）在信号级联的调节中发挥着至关重要的作用。 NOX 蛋白和缺氧有助于不同营养条件下 ROS 的形成。 ROS 是强大的转录后和表观遗传调节因子。用抗氧化剂治疗肥胖需要更多、更大规模、更好监测的临床试验。
Within the last twenty years the view on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has changed; they are no longer only considered to be harmful but also necessary for cellular communication and homeostasis in different organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals. In the latter, ROS were shown to modulate diverse physiological processes including the regulation of growth factor signaling, the hypoxic response, inflammation and the immune response. During the last 60–100 years the life style, at least in the Western world, has changed enormously. This became obvious with an increase in caloric intake, decreased energy expenditure as well as the appearance of alcoholism and smoking; These changes were shown to contribute to generation of ROS which are, at least in part, associated with the occurrence of several chronic diseases like adiposity, atherosclerosis, type II diabetes, and cancer. In this review we discuss aspects and problems on the role of intracellular ROS formation and nutrition with the link to diseases and their problematic therapeutical issues. Oxidative stress is linked to overnutrition, obesity and associated diseases or cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucially involved in modulation of signaling cascades. NOX proteins and hypoxia contribute to formation of ROS under different nutrient regimes. ROS are powerful post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulators. Treatment of obesity with antioxidants requires more, larger, and better monitored clinical trials.