The hydrological linkage of mountains and plains in the arid region of northwest China
The hydrological linkage of mountains and plains in the arid region of northwest China
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11434-013-5768-4
复制
发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jia Qin;Yong-jian Ding;Guojing Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jia Qin;Yong-jian Ding;Guojing Yang
山区为干旱、半干旱地区的人民提供了大量的淡水，但从山区到低地的水量存在很大的不确定性。为了评估山脉的水文意义以及山地与平原的水文联系，本研究采用了基于流域的方法，利用中国西北干旱地区的实测和模拟水文资料。首先，选择有文献记载的黑河流域作为特定流域，揭示高地（山地）与低地（平原）之间的水文关系；在此基础上，以西北干旱区为例，对8个流域山地径流的显着性和不均衡性进行了分析比较。研究结果表明，山区径流占大多数河流流域径流总量（PMR）的比例在50%以上。发源于天山北坡水汽相对充足的河流，PMR在50%~95%之间。而且，发源于祁连山、天山南坡、昆仑山北坡的河流几乎全部来自山区。西北地区PMR也由西向东逐渐增大。对西北干旱区山水的水文意义和比例进行了系统、全面的评估，其结果可为该地区科学利用水资源、缓解因气候变暖和人口膨胀而日益严重的水资源短缺问题提供潜在指导。
Mountain regions supply a large amount of fresh water for the people in arid and semiarid regions, however, there is great uncertainty of the water quantification from mountains to lower areas. In order to assess the hydrological significance of mountains and the hydrological linkage of mountains and plains, the measured and simulated hydrological data of the arid region in northwest China were used in the present research which followed a catchment-based approach. Firstly, the Heihe River Basin, a well-documented area, was selected as a specific watershed to reveal the hydrological relationship between highlands (mountains) and lowlands (plains); and then, the significance and disproportion of mountain runoff of 8 river basins as cases in the arid region of northwest China were analyzed and compared following the above analysis. The results of the study showed that the proportion of mountain runoff in total basinal runoff (PMR) of most rivers is above 50%. The PMR are between 50%–95% in the rivers originated in the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains where the aqueous vapor is relatively sufficient. And that, almost all the flow of the rivers originating from the Qilian Mountains, the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, and the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains come from mountain regions. Also the PMR gradually increases from west to east in northwest China. The hydrological significance and disproportion of mountains water in the arid region of northwest China were given a systematic and thorough assessment, and the results could give potential guides for the scientific utilization of water resources in these regional areas for relieving the more and more serious shortage of water resources due to climate warming and population expansion.