Recent changes in the North Atlantic circulation simulated with eddy-permitting and eddy-resolving ocean models
Recent changes in the North Atlantic circulation simulated with eddy-permitting and eddy-resolving ocean models
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用允许涡流和涡流分辨海洋模型模拟北大西洋环流的最新变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.ocemod.2009.02.007
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
S. Josey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Marsh;B. D. de Cuevas;A. Coward;J. Jacquin;J. Hirschi;Y. Aksenov;A. Nurser;S. Josey
自1985年以来，OCCAM海洋模型的三个允许涡流（1/4°）版本和一个涡流解析（1/12°）版本被用来模拟世界海洋环流。第一个允许涡流模拟在以前的研究中被广泛使用，并提供了参考。第二个改进的允许涡流模拟以与涡流解析模拟相同的方式进行，数据集基于 NCEP 重新分析和卫星数据的混合。第三次允许涡流模拟使用基于 ERA-40 重新分析数据的不同数据集。北大西洋这些模拟的相互比较阐明了分辨率和强迫数据集选择的相对重要性，以模拟该地区盆地尺度环流的平均状态和近期变化。第一次和第二次允许涡流模拟之间的差异还揭示了海冰对表面盐度、浓水形成和经向翻转环流的错误影响。根据选定纬度（可获得水文学估计）的长期平均海洋热传输和海面温度误差（相对于观测）进一步评估模拟。根据这些标准，涡旋解析模拟获得了与观测结果最接近的一致性。在此模拟中，中纬度地区也存在微弱的年代际变化，其中热传输最强，在 20 世纪 90 年代中期约 0.2 PW。相比之下，在两个允许涡流的模拟中，研究期间的热传输减弱，在中纬度地区减弱了 0.4 PW。所有模拟中最显着的热传输变化都与副极地环流的减弱有关，而不是经向翻转环流的变化。结论是，如果明确解决涡流问题，则可以更准确地反映北大西洋中纬度热传输结构的近期变化。
Three eddy-permitting (1/4°) versions and one eddy-resolving (1/12°) version of the OCCAM ocean model are used to simulate the World Ocean circulation since 1985. The first eddy-permitting simulation has been used extensively in previous studies, and provides a point of reference. A second, improved, eddy-permitting simulation is forced in the same manner as the eddy-resolving simulation, with a dataset based on a blend of NCEP re-analysis and satellite data. The third eddy-permitting simulation is forced with a different dataset, based on the ERA-40 re-analysis data. Inter-comparison of these simulations in the North Atlantic clarifies the relative importance of resolution and choice of forcing dataset, for simulating the mean state and recent variability of the basin-scale circulation in that region. Differences between the first and second eddy-permitting simulations additionally reveal an erroneous influence of sea ice on surface salinity, dense water formation, and the meridional overturning circulation. Simulations are further evaluated in terms of long-term mean ocean heat transport at selected latitudes (for which hydrographic estimates are available) and sea surface temperature errors (relative to observations). By these criteria, closest agreement with observations is obtained for the eddy-resolving simulation. In this simulation, there is also a weak decadal variation in mid-latitudes, with heat transport strongest, by around 0.2 PW, in the mid-1990s. In two of the eddy-permitting simulations, by contrast, heat transport weakens through the study period, by up to 0.4 PW in mid-latitudes. The most notable changes of heat transport in all simulations are linked to a weakening of the subpolar gyre, rather than changes in the meridional overturning circulation. It is concluded that recent changes in the structure of mid-latitude heat transport in the North Atlantic are more accurately represented if eddies are explicitly resolved.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Bingham, Rory J.;Hughes, Chris W.;Williams, Richard G.
通讯作者：
Williams, Richard G.