Poverty risks and national parks: Policy issues in conservation and resettlement
Poverty risks and national parks: Policy issues in conservation and resettlement
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DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.02.008
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Schmidt-Soltau, Kai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cernea, Michael M.;Schmidt-Soltau, Kai
在公园创建项目中经常出现的生物多样性保护和减少贫困之间的冲突是不可解决的吗？作者报告了来自六个国家的12个案例研究的经验证据，通过非自愿移民的贫困风险和重建模型的概念透镜进行分析。该研究保守地得出结论，刚果盆地的公园已经使大约12万至15万人流离失所和陷入贫困，如果这种做法继续下去，尽管其有害后果会更严重。作者认为，建立在强制人口迁移基础上的公园建设战略已经耗尽了其可信度，并通过对大量人口造成严重的贫困而损害了生物多样性保护事业。他们建议有关政府停止使用驱逐办法。作者提出的替代办法是，用一种追求“双重可持续性”的扶贫战略取代强迫流离失所，以同时保护生物多样性和人民的生计。(c)2006爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Is the conflict between biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction, which frequently arises in park creation programs, insoluble? The authors report empirical evidence from 12 case studies from six countries, which are analyzed through the conceptual lens of the Impoverishment Risks and Reconstruction Model for Involuntary Resettlement. The research concludes conservatively that parks in the Congo basin have already displaced and impoverished about 120-150,000 people and that more will be displaced if this approach continues, despite its deleterious outcomes. The authors argue that the park-establishment strategy predicated upon compulsory population displacement has exhausted its credibility and compromised the cause of biodiversity conservation by inflicting aggravated impoverishment on very large numbers of people. They recommend that the concerned Governments should desist using the eviction approach. The alternative course, proposed by the authors, is to replace forced displacements with a pro-poor strategy that pursues "double sustainability," to protect both the biodiversity and people's livelihoods at the same time. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.