Mechanisms of Larynx Tube Constriction
Mechanisms of Larynx Tube Constriction
复制标题
喉管收缩的机制
DOI：
10.1159/000259890
复制
发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
J. Gauffin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Gauffin
为了更好地理解语音中的喉音机制，我想讨论语言的进化是如何利用更原始的喉音机制的。当我们讨论喉部时，这似乎是相关的，喉部的控制与其他语言器官有些不同，比如舌头和嘴唇。与喉头相反，这些语言器官在具有语言功能之前，已经具备了精细的、面向空间的运动控制，并具有发达的本体感觉反馈，这是咀嚼和吞咽所必需的。另一方面，对喉部的要求更为简单，它的主要功能最初是保护气管和肺部免受异物的侵害，并通过调节空气的流出来辅助呼吸，从而释放呼吸肌肉的压力。在系统发育的早期，喉音的产生机制是由喉部固有肌肉的独立控制机制发展而来的。这些原始或基本的喉部机制与三种不同的喉部姿势有关：呼吸、保护和发声。从一种姿势到另一种姿势的运动是最自然的喉部发音类型，因为它们不需要学习，在新生儿中就已经开始起作用了。
In an attempt to reach a better understanding of the laryngeal mechanisms in speech I would like to discuss how the evolution of language may have made use of more primitive laryngeal mechanisms. This seems to be relevant when we discuss the larynx which in its control is somewhat different from other speech organs, like, for instance, the tongue and the lips. Contrary to the larynx, these speech organs had already, prior to their speech function, fine, space-oriented motor control with a well-developed proprioceptive feedback, which is necessary for chewing and swallowing. The demand on the larynx, on the other hand, was more simple and its main functions were originally to protect the trachea and the lungs from foreign objects and to assist in breathing by regulating the outflow of air, thus releasing the strain on the breathing muscles.Early in the phylogenesis, the mechanism for producing a larynx tone evolved by the development of independent control mechanisms of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx. These primitive or basic laryngeal mechanisms are associated with three different postures of the larynx: for breathing, protection, and phonation. Movements from one posture to another are the most natural types of laryngeal articulation in the sense that they do not have to be learned and are functioning already in the newborn child.